Interruptions in communication due to user equipment (UE) handovers (HO) are signaled from the mobile communication network to the traffic source. For ultra-low latency and reliable communication, the signaling of HO start and completion notifications prevents retransmissions of in-flight packets by the traffic source, eliminating additional delays and inefficiencies. Signaling can be implemented by a network element, by a network element in conjunction with a smart traffic handler between the network and the traffic source (e.g., applications) and by a UE having at least two different radio interfaces.

In an IMS emergency call connection of a call which a user equipment cannot recognize as an emergency call, a user equipment transmits to an IMS an IMS emergency call connection signal of the call which the user equipment cannot recognize as the emergency call, and in a case that a reject or redirection message indicating an emergency call connection is received from the IMS, the user equipment determines whether to transmit the IMS emergency call connection signal again to a core network to which the user equipment is connected or whether to transmit the IMS emergency call connection signal again to another core network in the same PLMN. Accordingly, a user equipment, a core network apparatus, a control method to be performed by an IMS apparatus, and the like are provided for the user equipment to connect to a network suitable for an emergency call service in the 5th generation (5G) mobile communication system, which is a next-generation mobile communication system.

In an IMS emergency call connection of a call which a user equipment cannot recognize as an emergency call, a user equipment transmits to an IMS an IMS emergency call connection signal of the call which the user equipment cannot recognize as the emergency call, and in a case that a reject or redirection message indicating an emergency call connection is received from the IMS, the user equipment determines whether to transmit the IMS emergency call connection signal again to a core network to which the user equipment is connected or whether to transmit the IMS emergency call connection signal again to another core network in the same PLMN. Accordingly, a user equipment, a core network apparatus, a control method to be performed by an IMS apparatus, and the like are provided for the user equipment to connect to a network suitable for an emergency call service in the 5th generation (5G) mobile communication system, which is a next-generation mobile communication system.

Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for indicating data status to a target base unit. One apparatus includes a transceiver that communicates with a remote unit and a processor that determines to perform a conditional handover of the remote unit to a target base unit. The processor sends a conditional handover command to the remote unit, the conditional handover command including at least one condition the remote unit is to monitor for fulfillment prior to handing over to the target base unit. The processor receives uplink data from the remote unit after sending the conditional handover command and forwards the uplink data to the target base unit. The processor also sends an end marker to the target base unit in response to completing the forwarding of the uplink data.

A communication system comprising at least one radio station which includes a main radio unit and at least one associated standby radio unit and comprising a user console connected via a communication network to the main radio unit of the radio station addressed by a network address of the communication network, wherein the main radio unit and its associated standby radio units are configured to be operated in parallel and to exchange operational parameters during operation of said communication system, wherein an operation failure of the main radio unit of a radio station triggers an automatic handover of the used network address from the main radio unit of the radio station to an associated standby radio unit of said radio station to maintain an uninterrupted communication between the user console and the respective radio station of said communication system.

A communication device for handling a cellular-wireless local area network (cellular-WLAN) aggregation (CWA) comprises a storage device for storing instructions of receiving a first configuration configuring a CWA for a radio bearer, from a first cell of a cellular network; enabling the CWA for the radio bearer in response to the first configuration; receiving a handover command from the first cell, when enabling the CWA, wherein the handover command configures the communication device to perform a handover to a second cell of the cellular network; keeping enabling the CWA for the radio bearer in response to the handover command, when the handover command comprises a second configuration; and disabling the CWA for the radio bearer in response to the handover command, when the handover command does not comprise the second configuration.

A call connection method and apparatus are disclosed. When a service is released in a portable terminal that supports different communication modes due to a network problem, the call connection method and apparatus reconnects the service to another network. The call connection method includes performing a first service through a first network, analyzing, when the connected first service is released, the cause of disconnection, acquiring, when the cause of disconnection is a problem in the first network, connection information, and attempting to connect a second service through a second network based on the connection information.

An information handling system of a first gateway access point in a wireless network includes at least one wireless adapter for receiving a plurality of reply messages including information that can be used to calculate a plurality of traffic factor values describing traffic flow between one of a plurality of gateways in the wireless network and a cloud computing resource, and a processor executing code instructions of a wireless network gateway sink nomination system. For each of the plurality of traffic factors, the wireless network gateway sink nomination system may calculate and store within a memory a traffic factor value for each of the plurality of gateways, based on the reply messages, associate each calculated traffic factor value with the gateway from which the reply message used to calculate each value was received, identify a most desirable calculated traffic factor value for each of the gateways, identify a most desirable sink gateway from the plurality of gateways based on the most desirable calculated traffic factor values, transmit the identity of the most desirable sink gateway to each of the plurality of gateways, and transmit data bound for transmission to the cloud computing resource to the most desirable sink gateway for delivery of the data to the cloud computing resource.

A method can include, by operation of first communication circuits, determining a quality of a plurality of communication frequencies according to wireless communications of a first protocol type; recording a quality of the communication frequencies; selecting communication frequencies for use by second communication circuits based on the quality of the communication frequencies; and wirelessly transmitting and receiving data with the second communication circuits according to a second protocol different than the first protocol; wherein the first and second communication circuits are collocated on the same device. Related devices and systems are also disclosed.

A method and system for wireless communication between a mobile router in a moving vehicle, such as a train, and one or several external server(s) via at least two types of external wireless networks, a first external wireless network type, trackside network, including a plurality of trackside base stations, such as access points, for communication in compliance with a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) standard, said trackside base stations being arranged in the vicinity of a vehicle path of travel, and a second external wireless network type, cellular network, communicating via cellular network standard(s), such as in accordance with 3G, 4G or 5G standards, wherein the mobile router is arranged, at least periodically, to simultaneously communicate with the two types of external wireless networks thereby providing at least two concurrently useable external wireless networks.