Approaches for efficient, dynamic and continuous handover processes, which encompass selection of an optimal path (consisting of a satellite, a satellite beam and carrier frequency set) over which a mobile user terminal (UT) communicates with the radio access network in a mobile satellite communications system, are provided. A set of path factors are determined regarding each of a plurality of communications paths for the UT. A path selection metric (PSM) for each communications path is determined, wherein the PSM for each communications path is determined via a weighted calculation based on the respective set of path factors for the communications path. A decision is made as to whether to perform a handover of the UT from a first of the communications paths to a second of the communications paths, wherein the determination is based on an evaluation performed based at least in part on the PSM.

A base station may communicate with other base stations for handover decisions. Information about energy consumption of other base stations may be used by the base station for efficient handover decisions. Predictions of energy consumption may be exchanged before making a handover decision so that handover decisions may be based on energy usage.

A base station may communicate with one or more other base stations. A first base station may hand over one or more wireless devices served by its cell to a second base station (e.g., a neighboring base station), for example, to save overall energy consumption in the network. Feedback information (e.g., one or more messages) associated with performance of the second base station after the handover may be provided by the second base station to the first base station help further decision-making related to handing over other wireless device(s).

The present disclosure relates to a 5G communication system or a 6G communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4G communication system such as long term evolution (LTE). Methods and devices are provided in a wireless communication system. Configuration information on a measurement report is received from a base station. The configuration information includes first information on a first number of triggering cells. A first measurement report for at least one first cell fulfilling an entry condition is transmitted to the base station, in case that a second number of the at least one first cell is larger than or equal to the first number of triggering cells. A second measurement report for at least one second cell fulfilling a leaving condition is transmitted to the base station. The at least one second cell is in the first measurement report.

A method for managing network traffic on a portable communication device including a processor, a memory, and a plurality of network interfaces configured to connect to a plurality of networks includes: processing network traffic of an application running on the processor via a first network of the plurality of networks, the first network being specified as a primary network by an operating system running on the processor; monitoring a plurality of network status information associated with the first network; detecting a problem of the first network when one or more parameters of the received network status information is outside of one or more threshold values; in response to detecting the problem in the first network, selecting a second network of the plurality of networks as the primary network; and processing the network traffic via the second network as the updated primary network.

Embodiments provide a core network selection method, an apparatus, and a system. The method includes the following steps: obtaining first dedicated core network (DCN) information from an access network device, where the first DCN information includes information about at least one DCN that can be accessed by the access network device. The method also includes selecting a to-be-accessed DCN from the at least one DCN according to the first DCN information, and sending information about the to-be-accessed DCN to the access network device, so that the access network device determines a core network device according to the information about the to-be-accessed DCN.

A method for configuring and obtaining secondary cell group information, and a communications device are provided. The method includes: obtaining conditional configuration information of a secondary cell group, where the conditional configuration information of the secondary cell group includes configuration information used for a terminal to add or change a primary secondary cell; and performing a first operation based on the conditional configuration information of the secondary cell group, where the first operation includes an operation of adding the primary secondary cell, or the first operation includes the operation of adding the primary secondary cell and an operation of changing the primary secondary cell.

Methods and systems for enhanced mobility for voice calls in a new radio band are disclosed. According to an implementation, data services and/or multimedia services may be provided to a user equipment (UE) through a 5G new radio (NR) in a standalone (SA) mode. During the ongoing data service, the UE may receive a voice call in the current NR band. If the current NR band does not support the voice call, the UE may search and acquire a new NR band capable of providing the voice call. The UE may further set the new NR band as the serving cell and transfer the current data radio bearers (DRBs) assigned for the ongoing data service to the new NR band. While the UE receives new DRBs assigned for the voice call, the UE continues the data service and the voice call in the new NR band.

Methods and systems for enhanced mobility for voice calls in a new radio band are disclosed. According to an implementation, data services and/or multimedia services may be provided to a user equipment (UE) through a 5G new radio (NR) in a standalone (SA) mode. During the ongoing data service, the UE may receive a voice call in the current NR band. If the current NR band does not support the voice call, the UE may search and acquire a new NR band capable of providing the voice call. The UE may further set the new NR band as the serving cell and transfer the current data radio bearers (DRBs) assigned for the ongoing data service to the new NR band. While the UE receives new DRBs assigned for the voice call, the UE continues the data service and the voice call in the new NR band.

A base station according to an aspect of the present disclosure comprises: a network communicator configured to receive, from a neighboring base station, information for determination for determining whether or not the neighboring base station is capable of communicating with a capability-limited user equipment having a limited communication capability; and a controller configured to acquire the information for determination.