In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) determines a transmission gap adjustment (TGA) for a first message (msgA) of a 2 step random access channel (RACH) procedure based on measurement of a reference signal transmitted by a base station as well as the radio resource configuration (RRC) configurations for msgA. In other aspects, a base station transmits a system information block (SIB) or RRC signaling that indicates at least one possible configuration of the TGA, and UEs determine the TGA depending on RRC state. Connected mode UEs having a timing alignment (TA) timer running may determine the TGA based on a previous TA. UEs in other RRC modes determine the TGA based on the possible configuration transmitted in the SIB or RRC signaling. Advantageously, 2 step RACH UEs are able to communicate with the base station without the closed loop TA information provided by a 4 step RACH.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described that provide staggered synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) in frequency sub-bands for beamformed wireless communications. Transmissions of SSBs and control channel transmissions (e.g., remaining minimum system information (RMSI) physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) transmissions) may use multiple transmission beams in a beam sweeping procedure. The SSB transmissions may be transmitted using transmission beams that span one frequency sub-band of a number of available frequency sub-bands, and the control channel transmissions may use transmission beams that span two or more of the frequency sub-bands. The SSB beam sweeping procedure may be performed separately during staggered, non-overlapping time periods for each frequency sub-band of the number of frequency sub-bands. Each of the of SSBs may indicate a reference timing of the base station used to identify a set of resources (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) that carries control channel transmissions.

A communication method determination apparatus includes a comparison unit and an instruction unit. The comparison unit obtains a bit string of a portion of a physical header for synchronization from a wireless frame that includes the physical header for synchronization in which information for synchronization in a physical layer is set and a physical data portion in which data of a higher-level layer than the physical layer is set, and compares the obtained bit string with a bit string pattern specific to a communication method targeted for determination. The instruction unit performs communication method determination processing for determining whether or not the communication method targeted for determination is used for the wireless frame, based on a result of comparison. If it is determined that the communication method targeted for determination is not used for the wireless frame, the instruction unit changes the communication method targeted for determination, instructs the comparison unit to newly obtain a bit string of a portion that follows the obtained bit string, from the physical header for synchronization, and to compare the newly obtained bit string with a bit string pattern specific to the post-change communication method targeted for determination, and performs the communication method determination processing again.

A communication apparatus includes a transmission apparatus configured to transmit operation data for an apparatus, a reception apparatus configured to receive the operation data, a wireless communication unit via which the transmission apparatus and the reception apparatus wirelessly communicate with each other, and a cable configured to connect the transmission apparatus and the reception apparatus, wherein the transmission apparatus transmits a synchronization signal to the reception apparatus via the cable, the synchronization signal indicating a timing to execute the operation data, and wherein the transmission apparatus transmits the operation data corresponding to an operation of the apparatus in a predetermined period to the reception apparatus using the wireless communication unit.

The present disclosure provides a method and apparatus for determining a reference signal, and an electronic device and a storage medium, where configuration information is acquired; and it is determined that whether a reference signal is valid according to the configuration information. Determination of whether the reference signal is valid is implemented through the configuration information. Furthermore, the UE only needs to be waken up before a last synchronization signal block before a PO, and implements AGC adjustment, channel tracking and measurement through the last synchronization signal block and the reference signal.

An apparatus and a method of processing collision between synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel block (SSB) transmission and periodic transmission, applied in a shared spectrum are provided. The method includes obtaining, by a terminal device, a first candidate SSB position within a discovery burst transmission (DRS) window and obtaining, by the terminal device, a first resource for the periodic channel or signal transmission, wherein when the first resource is overlapped with the first candidate SSB position, determining, by the terminal device, whether the first resource is available for the periodic channel or signal transmission. This can solve issues in the prior art, provide a technical solution of handling a possible collision between an SSB and the periodic channel or signal, provide a simple implementation, provide a good communication performance, and/or provide high reliability.

Disclosed are techniques for wireless communication. In an aspect, a user equipment (UE) transmits capability information indicating a maximum number of downlink resources for both positioning reference signal (PRS) resources and downlink resources for one or more second downlink channels or signals that the UE is capable of processing per unit of time, receives, from a serving transmission-reception point (TRP), a configuration of one or more downlink resources for the one or more second downlink channels or signals, wherein a number of the one or more downlink resources is less than the maximum number, and receives, from a location server, a configuration of one or more PRS resources for the serving TRP, one or more neighboring TRPs, or both, wherein a number of the one or more PRS resources is less than the maximum number.

A method, performed by a network entity, of performing time sensitive communication (TSC) includes: establishing a first protocol data unit (PDU) session with a first user equipment (UE) and a second PDU session for a second UE; receiving, from the first UE, an announce message obtained from a first time sensitive network (TSN) node; configuring, based on the announce message, a port state of the network entity; and transmitting, to the second UE or a second TSN node, the announce message.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. Generally, a base station may send, and a user equipment (UE) may receive, a transmission beam adjustment message indicating a change from a first time interval to a second time interval in which a transmission beam is utilized to transmit a synchronization signal and physical broadcasting channel block (SSB). The base station may send the transmission beam adjustment message to all connected UEs, individual UEs affected by the adjustment, or to one or more UE groups. The UE may receive the transmission beam adjustment message and determine a new time interval of the transmission beam pattern that the base station is using the transmission beam to transmit the SSB. The UE may monitor the new time interval for the SSB using a receive beam that corresponds to the transmission beam.

A user equipment terminal (UE) in a wireless network calculates a measurement period for measuring the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) for a serving cell within a frequency range. The calculation is based on a channel measurement resource (CMR) and an interference measurement resource (IMR). The calculation includes evaluation of a sharing factor P, which is a maximum of P.sub.CMR of the CMR and P.sub.IMR of the IMR. The P.sub.CMR and the P.sub.IMR are evaluated, at least in part, based on periodicity of the CMR and the IMR in relation to other periodic measurements performed by the UE. The UE performs a channel measurement and an interference measurement using the CMR and the IMR, respectively, over the measurement period. The UE calculates the SINR based on the channel measurement and the interference measurement; and transmits an SINR measurement report indicating the calculated SINR to a base station.