Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for LTE operation in an unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U). A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may establish a connection with a first cell on a licensed frequency band. The WTRU may receive a first downlink transmission from a second cell operating on an unlicensed frequency band. The WTRU may determine that a synchronization signal transmission from a third cell operating on the unlicensed frequency band is transmitted using one or more resource elements. The WTRU may perform frequency and/or timing estimation based on the synchronization signal transmission. The WTRU may perform rate matching around the one or more resource elements that correspond to the synchronization signal transmission. The WTRU may perform rate matching around the one or more resource elements by de-mapping symbols of the downlink transmission.

Methods and systems may be used to synchronize time across multiple IoT related entities, such as a network of resource constrained sensor and actuator type devices, IoT gateways, IoT cloud services, or IoT applications.

A method of operating a wireless communication device (or, simply device) is provided. The wireless communication device is configured for communication with a wireless communications network in a disconnected operational mode. The method comprises: monitoring for at least one wake-up signal included in a beam-swept burst of multiple wake-up signals in the disconnected operational mode prior to a paging occasion included in a beam swept burst of multiple paging occasions, wherein the at least one wake-up signal enables the wireless communication device to synchronize with the wireless communications network, and wherein the at least one wake-up signal is indicative of at least one time-frequency resource element of the paging occasion allocated to a paging indication that is transmitted using the same downlink transmit beam as the at least one wake-up signal; and responsive to detection of the at least one wake-up signal, monitoring the at least one time-frequency resource element of the downlink transmit beam where the wake-up signal was detected for a paging indication based on the detected at least one wake-up signal, wherein the detected at least one wake-up signal enables the wireless communication device to receive the paging indication without first monitoring for a synchronization signal block.

The present disclosure relates to a pre-5.sup.th-Generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates Beyond 4.sup.th-Generation (4G) communication system such as Long Term Evolution (LTE). A method for operating a terminal in a wireless communication system, the method comprises determining a time-frequency structure of a downlink reference signal, and receiving, from a base station, the downlink reference signal according to the time-frequency structure.

Precision digital chronography based on detected changes in state of a processor is described. The changes in state may be detected by another processor and an averaged time interval generated. A signal corresponding to the averaged time interval may be communicated to a distributed database and propagated to remote systems. Devices associated with the remote systems may adjust or set a device clock in accordance with the averaged time interval.

The present invention discloses a method for transmitting and receiving signals between a user equipment and a base station in a wireless communication system and device for supporting the same. More specifically, the invention discloses a method by which, when a base station transmits synchronization signal blocks in various beam directions, a user equipment achieves synchronization with the base station by detecting the index of a received synchronization signal block and then transmits and receives signals with the base station.

A method for evaluating cell quality includes obtaining cell quality information and determining, based on the cell quality information, a first number, X, of beams whose qualities are above a threshold, T, for a first cell and a second number, Y, of beams whose qualities are above the threshold, T, for a second cell. The method includes complementing a third number, M, of fictive beams to offset a difference between the first number, X, of beams and the second number, Y, of beams, and measuring a first average beam quality, Q.sub.1, for the first cell and a second average beam quality, Q.sub.2, for the second cell. The method may include a certain number fictive beams with assigned beam quality when calculating cell qualities for cells which are included in comparison.

Embodiments of the present disclosure describe methods, apparatuses, storage media, and systems for cell identification (ID) and beam ID detections in new radio (NR). The detections comprise NR primary synchronization signal (PSS)/secondary synchronization signal (SSS) detection, PBCH DMRS detection, SS reference signal received power (RSRP) measurement, and slot/SS burst boundary timing acquiring. Various embodiments describe how to detect a cell ID and a beam ID in millimeter wave (mmWave) operation. Other embodiments describe further details regarding how to detect NR cell and beam ID during intra-frequency measurements.

A plurality of control signals transmitted in individual frequency bands by a moving transmission station via a plurality of transmission antennas and a plurality of data signals transmitted in a common frequency band by the transmission station via the plurality of transmission antennas in synchronization with the control signals are received by each of a plurality of antennas disposed at different positions. Based on symbol timings of the control signals received by the antenna, a sampling rate error between the plurality of control signals transmitted by the plurality of transmission antennas, respectively, is compensated for. Based on the control signals subjected to the sampling rate error compensation, frame timings of the plurality of data signals transmitted by the transmission station via the plurality of transmission antennas are synchronized. Based on the control signals subjected to the sampling rate error compensation, channels for the plurality of data signals transmitted by the transmission station via the plurality of transmission antennas are estimated. The plurality of data signals with the frame timings synchronized, for the estimated channels are equalized.

Systems and methods for Semi-Persistent Sounding Reference Signal (SP SRS) resource activation or deactivation are disclosed. In some embodiments, a method of operation of a wireless device in a cellular communications network comprises receiving, from a network node, a Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE). The MAC CE comprises an indication of a SP SRS resource set to be activated or deactivated and information that indicates a spatial relation for the SP SRS resource set to be activated or deactivated. In this manner, a MAC CE for SP SRS resource set activation or deactivation is provided in a manner that gives spatial relation information in an efficient and flexible manner.