Described is a method of synchronizing a Network-Side Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) Translator (NW-TT) module inside a User Plane Function (UPF) of a communication network with a Grandmaster (GM) in a 5G Time Domain of the communication network. The method includes adjusting a clock frequency of the N3 interface to synchronize the time between the N3 interface and the GM. The method includes generating one or more pulses at a pin of the N3 interface. The method includes detecting the one or more pulses at a pin of the NW-TT module. The method includes determining a time offset value (Offset.sub.NW-TT) between the N3 interface and the NW-TT module. The method includes adjusting a time or a clock frequency of the NW-TT module using the determined time offset value (Offset.sub.NW-TT) to synchronize the time between the NW-TT module and the GM.

This application provides a downlink transmission method. A session management network element obtains duration, namely, a first delay, between an expected moment at which a downlink service packet arrives at an access network element and an estimated moment at which the downlink service packet arrives at the access network element, the expected moment is within a first scheduling window, and a next scheduling window adjacent to the first scheduling window is a downlink scheduling window. Then, the session management network element sends the first delay to an application network element, where the first delay is used by an application server to determine a second moment at which the downlink service packet is sent, and a moment at which the downlink service packet sent at the second moment arrives at the access network element is within the first scheduling window.

A method of operating a user equipment (UE) is provided. The method includes receiving, from a second UE, a first sidelink (SL) positioning reference signal (PRS) in slot m; measuring a receive (Rx) timing of the first SL PRS in the slot m; and determining a reference transmit (Tx) timing of the slot m. The method further includes determining a first SL RxTx time difference as a difference between the Rx timing of the first SL PRS in the slot m and the reference Tx timing of the slot m and determine information for a first report based on the first SL RxTx time difference.

Aspects are directed to a wireless measurement entity that performs a carrier phase measurement associated with a reference signal for positioning (RS-P) measurement for a position estimation of a user equipment (UE). The wireless measurement entity determines error information associated with the carrier phase measurement. The wireless measurement entity transmits the RS-P measurement to a position estimation entity, and further transmits the carrier phase measurement and an indication of the error information to the position estimation entity. The position estimation entity determines a position estimate of the UE based on the RS-P measurement, the carrier phase measurement, and the indication of the error information.

A station (STA) affiliated with a non-simultaneous-transmission-and-reception (NSTR) multi-link device (MLD) obtains a transmission opportunity (TXOP) on a first link of an NSTR link pair as a TXOP initiator while a medium synchronization delay timer of the STA is non-zero. STA determines that an intended TXOP responder has lost medium synchronization. The STA then transmits a control frame as an initial frame in the TXOP to the intended TXOP responder on the first link responsive to the determining.

Various solutions for time and frequency in non-terrestrial network (NTN) communications are proposed. An apparatus implemented in a user equipment (UE) obtains a center frequency and a reference time of a non-terrestrial network. The apparatus further obtains a feeder link delay of a feeder link between a network node and a satellite, and a service link delay drift rate of a service link between the apparatus and the satellite. Then, the apparatus performs an uplink frequency pre-compensation through calculating an uplink transmit frequency according to the center frequency, the reference time, the feeder link delay, and the service link delay drift rate.

A technique is performed at a user equipment (UE) for supporting one or more radio frequency (RF) sensing measurements. A reflected downlink signal is received, wherein the reflected downlink signal is transmitted as a downlink signal from a base station and reflected off of a target. An uplink signal is transmitted to be reflected off of the target and received by the base station as a reflected uplink signal. A UE receive-transmit (RX-TX) time difference is determined, representing a difference between a time at which the reflected downlink signal is received by the UE and a time at which the uplink signal is transmitted by the UE. A UE measured frequency offset is determined based on reception of the reflected downlink signal, the UE measured frequency offset comprising a Doppler shift component corresponding to a velocity of the target.

Disclosed are a method by which a terminal performs carrier phase measurement in a wireless communication system, according to various embodiments, and a device therefor. Disclosed is a method comprising the steps of: receiving, from a network, configuration information for repeated sequential configuration of time domain windows (TDWs) for carrier phase measurement within a measurement gap; measuring phase difference in positioning reference signals (PRSs) on the basis of the configuration information; and reporting measurement information regarding the phase difference to the network, wherein the measurement of the phase difference is performed using only the PRSs received within the same TDW. A device for performing the method is also disclosed.

Various embodiments relate to a next-generation wireless communication system for supporting a higher data rate than a 4th generation (4G) wireless communication system. According to various embodiments, provided are a method for transmitting and receiving signals in a wireless communication system and a device supporting same. Various other embodiments may also be provided.

This application provides a method and an apparatus for updating a timing offset, and is particularly applicable to an NTN network such as satellite communication. The terminal side method includes: A terminal receives a timing offset difference Koffset, and updates a timing offset based on the Koffset to obtain an updated timing offset. The network side method includes: A network device determines a timing offset difference Koffset, and sends the Koffset to a terminal device, wherein the Koffset is used for the terminal device to update a timing offset.