A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions readable by a mobile terminal including a memory, an input interface, a first communication interface and a second communication interface, the instructions causing the mobile terminal to perform processes comprising: a storage processing of storing workflow information including device identification information and action identification information; a specifying processing of specifying the image processing apparatus, as a designated device; an information reception processing of receiving connection information from the designated device through the first communication interface; an extraction processing of extracting the workflow information coinciding with a first condition, among the workflow information; and an execution instruction processing of transmitting execution instruction information to the designated device through the second communication interface by using the connection information, wherein the execution instruction information is to instruct execution of the action identified by the action identification information.

A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions readable by a mobile terminal including a memory, an input interface, a first communication interface and a second communication interface, the instructions causing the mobile terminal to perform processes comprising: a storage processing of storing workflow information including device identification information and action identification information; a specifying processing of specifying the image processing apparatus, as a designated device; an information reception processing of receiving connection information from the designated device through the first communication interface; an extraction processing of extracting the workflow information coinciding with a first condition, among the workflow information; and an execution instruction processing of transmitting execution instruction information to the designated device through the second communication interface by using the connection information, wherein the execution instruction information is to instruct execution of the action identified by the action identification information.

A base station (BS) circuitry, configured to adapt operation of a user equipment (UE) between a stand-alone operation mode and a mobile network operator (MNO) assisted operation mode, includes: a first interface connectable to an MNO network; a second interface connectable to the UE; and a BS controller, configured to: transmit a first register message via the first interface to the MNO network, wherein the first register message indicates a request to operate the UE in at least one licensed frequency band of the MNO network, and signal a hand-over via the second interface to the UE, wherein the hand-over indicates a transition from operating the UE in at least one frequency band of the stand-alone operation mode to operating the UE in the at least one licensed frequency band of the MNO assisted operation mode.

A base station (BS) circuitry, configured to adapt operation of a user equipment (UE) between a stand-alone operation mode and a mobile network operator (MNO) assisted operation mode, includes: a first interface connectable to an MNO network; a second interface connectable to the UE; and a BS controller, configured to: transmit a first register message via the first interface to the MNO network, wherein the first register message indicates a request to operate the UE in at least one licensed frequency band of the MNO network, and signal a hand-over via the second interface to the UE, wherein the hand-over indicates a transition from operating the UE in at least one frequency band of the stand-alone operation mode to operating the UE in the at least one licensed frequency band of the MNO assisted operation mode.

The present disclosure relates to methods and apparatus for flexible, security context management during AMF changes. One aspect of the disclosure is a mechanism for achieving backward security during AMF changes. Instead of passing the current NAS key to the target AMF, the source AMF derives a new NAS key, provides the new NAS key to the target AMF, and sends a key change indication to the UE, either directly or through some other network node. The UE can then derive the new NAS key from the old NAS key. In some embodiments, the AMF may provide a key generation parameter to the UE to use in deriving the new NAS key. In other embodiments, the target AMF may change one or more security algorithms.

The present disclosure relates to methods and apparatus for flexible, security context management during AMF changes. One aspect of the disclosure is a mechanism for achieving backward security during AMF changes. Instead of passing the current NAS key to the target AMF, the source AMF derives a new NAS key, provides the new NAS key to the target AMF, and sends a key change indication to the UE, either directly or through some other network node. The UE can then derive the new NAS key from the old NAS key. In some embodiments, the AMF may provide a key generation parameter to the UE to use in deriving the new NAS key. In other embodiments, the target AMF may change one or more security algorithms.

Disclosed are a method and apparatus for monitoring User Equipment (UE) reachability in a wireless communication system. More specifically, a method for monitoring UE reachability in a wireless communication system comprises receiving, by a Mobile Management Entity (MME), a message for monitoring the UE reachability including UE reachability related indication from a Home Subscriber Server (HSS); and allocating, by the MME, an Active Time to a UE, wherein the UE reachability related indication is used for setting the Active Time of the UE and wherein the UE reachability indication is used for the UE to stay reachable so that downlink data that a server wants to transmit to the UE can be transmitted to the UE.

A quite simple and effective way for simplifying the mobile system for the mobile broadband customers, thereby lowering the equipment costs and in the end allowing for more competitive flat rate fees, is to direct the traffic from mobile broadband devices (110) to dedicated gateways (120). The mobile broadband device (110) is comprised in a user equipment (105) in a wireless communication network (100). The wireless communication network (100) comprises a network node (115) is arranged to be connected to the mobile broadband device (110). First, the mobile broadband device (110) sends (200, 300) an attach request message to the network node (115). The attach request comprises an information element indicating that the device (110) is a broadband device. Then, the device (110) receives (301) an attach accept message from the network node (115) comprising address information of the dedicated gateway (120). After the device (110) has received the attach accept message it sends (302, 205) traffic to the dedicated gateway (120).

A system and method for determining registration to a packet-switching (PS) domain or a circuit-switching (CS) domain via a single request is discussed herein. A single request includes a query hierarchy to query a node of a first domain and then, if the UE is not registered with the first domain, to query a node of a second domain. The request includes an attribute value pair (AVP) to determine which domain to query first and which node of the first domain to query. The domains of the AVP are acquired from a list to permit multiple domains to be queried with the single request.

A system and method for determining registration to a packet-switching (PS) domain or a circuit-switching (CS) domain via a single request is discussed herein. A single request includes a query hierarchy to query a node of a first domain and then, if the UE is not registered with the first domain, to query a node of a second domain. The request includes an attribute value pair (AVP) to determine which domain to query first and which node of the first domain to query. The domains of the AVP are acquired from a list to permit multiple domains to be queried with the single request.