An apparatus for thermally joining thermoplastic fiber composite components includes a pressurization arrangement for jointly covering, at least in a region of a joining zone, thermoplastic fiber composite components to be joined and applying pressure to the thermoplastic fiber composite components to press the thermoplastic fiber composite components against one another, at least in the joining zone, the pressurization arrangement being flexible, at least in some section or sections. A welding device is configured for welding the fiber composite components in the joining zone during pressurization. The pressurization arrangement and welding device are configured to weld the thermoplastic fiber composite components in a pressurized state in the joining zone. The pressurization arrangement is configured to maintain pressurization independently of the welding device until the joining zone solidifies. A cover is also disclosed for a pressurization device for thermally joining thermoplastic fiber composite components.

The invention concerns a transparent heating device comprising: a graphene film fixed to a transparent substrate; a first electrode (205) connected to a first edge of the graphene film; and a second electrode (206) connected to a second edge of the graphene film, wherein there is a resistance gradient across the graphene film from the first electrode (205) to the second electrode (206).

A heating method, a heating apparatus and a method for fabricating a press-molded article using the heating method is provided. A plate workpiece has a main heating target region having a cross sectional area monotonically varying in a first direction and a sub heating target region provided adjacent to and integrally with the main heating target region. After heating the sub heating target region, the main heating target region is heated by a direct resistance heating to heat the main heating target region and the sub heating target region to be in a target temperature range. To heat the main heating target region, at least one of a pair of electrodes arranged to extend across the main heating target region in a second direction intersecting the first direction is moved in the first direction and at a constant speed, with electric current between the pair of electrodes being adjusted.

A system may include a current source; a first metal or alloy component with a first major surface electrically coupled to the current source; a second metal or alloy component with a second major surface electrically coupled in series to the first component and the current source via an external electrical conductor, where the first and second major surfaces are positioned adjacent to each other to define a joint region; a metal or alloy powder disposed in at least a portion of the joint region; and a controller. The controller may be configured to cause the current source to output an alternating current that conducts through the first component and the second component to induce magnetic eddy currents, magnetic hysteresis, or both within at least a portion of the metal or alloy powder disposed in at least the first portion of the joint region.

Disclosed is a heating rod comprising a ceramic heating element, a strip shaped contact sheet, and a housing in which the heating element and the contact sheet are arranged. The contact sheet is coated with nickel.

Embodiments include systems and methods for heating materials, including heating materials for cooking and soldering. A representative system and method for cooking food includes passing electric current through the food, sensing a characteristic of the food, and modulating the electric current in response to the characteristic of the food to achieve a selected internal temperature of the food. The system and method can include searing the food with hot oil or photons directed at the surface of the food. A representative system and method for heating a material includes modulating a plurality of semiconductor light sources to emit photons toward the material, measuring a temperature of the material, and modulating the plurality of semiconductor light sources in response to the temperature of the material. The material can include solder and the method can include heating solder in a reflow soldering process.

An apparatus and method of uniformly heating, rheologically softening, and thermoplastically forming metallic glasses rapidly into a net shape using a rapid capacitor discharge forming (RCDF) tool are provided. The RCDF method utilizes the discharge of electrical energy stored in a capacitor to uniformly and rapidly heat a sample or charge of metallic glass alloy to a predetermined “process temperature” between the glass transition temperature of the amorphous material and the equilibrium melting point of the alloy in a time scale of several milliseconds or less. Once the sample is uniformly heated such that the entire sample block has a sufficiently low process viscosity it may be shaped into high quality amorphous bulk articles via any number of techniques including, for example, injection molding, dynamic forging, stamp forging, and blow molding in a time frame of Less than 1 second.

Embodiments include systems and methods for heating materials, including heating materials for cooking and soldering. A representative system and method for cooking food includes passing electric current through the food, sensing a characteristic of the food, and modulating the electric current in response to the characteristic of the food to achieve a selected internal temperature of the food. The system and method can include searing the food with hot oil or photons directed at the surface of the food. A representative system and method for heating a material includes modulating a plurality of semiconductor light sources to emit photons toward the material, measuring a temperature of the material, and modulating the plurality of semiconductor light sources in response to the temperature of the material. The material can include solder and the method can include heating solder in a reflow soldering process.

The present invention provides an electric heating device and its preparation method; the said electric heating device includes at least one PTC electric heating element and radiation fin; the said PTC electric heating element includes positive and negative electrodes and PTC element between positive and negative electrodes; the said radiation fin is located at outer surface of the said PTC electric heating element; surface of the said radiation fin_with no physical connection to the said PTC electric heating element, is uncharged. State-of-the-art flat aluminum tube or aluminum tube is not used for the electric heating device provided in the present invention, which not only saves costs, but also reduces heat resistance in intermediate link of flat aluminum tube, enhances heat exchange efficiency and increases volumetric power density.

An electronic cigarette includes a shell and a mouthpiece. The external wall of the shell has an air inlet. An atomizer and a liquid-supply are in contact with each other. The air inlet, atomizer, and an aerosol passage are interconnected.