Provided are a heating sheet, a heating tube, and an electric appliance. The heating sheet includes a graphite sheet substrate. The graphite sheet substrate includes a heating region and a buffer region. The buffer region is located at two ends of the graphite sheet substrate. The heating region is connected to the buffer region, and located on a side of the buffer region facing away from the two ends. The heating region includes a hollow zone. A duty ratio of the buffer region is greater than a duty ratio of the heating region. The heating sheet has advantages of good impact resistance and strong anti-fracture performance.

There is provided an aerosol-generating article including an aerosol-forming substrate and a plurality of electrical fuses. The plurality of electrical fuses are spaced apart from each other, each electrical fuse disposed proximate a portion of the aerosol-forming substrate. There is also provided an aerosol-generating device for the aerosol-generating article, an aerosol-generating system including the aerosol-generating article and the aerosol-generating device, and a controller for the aerosol-generating device.

A method for operating a heater system including a resistive heating element having a material with a non-monotonic resistivity vs. temperature profile is provided. The method includes heating the resistive heating element to within a limited temperature range in which the resistive heating element exhibits a negative dR/dT characteristic, operating the resistive heating element within an operating temperature range that at least partially overlaps the limited temperature range, and determining a temperature of the resistive heating element such that the resistive heating element functions as both a heater and a temperature sensor. The resistive heating element can function as a temperature sensor in a temperature range between about 500° C. and about 800° C., and the non-monotonic resistivity vs. temperature profile for the material of the resistive heating element can have a local maximum and a local minimum.

A method for operating a heater system including a resistive heating element having a material with a non-monotonic resistivity vs. temperature profile is provided. The method includes heating the resistive heating element to within a limited temperature range in which the resistive heating element exhibits a negative dR/dT characteristic, operating the resistive heating element within an operating temperature range that at least partially overlaps the limited temperature range, and determining a temperature of the resistive heating element such that the resistive heating element functions as both a heater and a temperature sensor. The resistive heating element can function as a temperature sensor in a temperature range between about 500° C. and about 800° C., and the non-monotonic resistivity vs. temperature profile for the material of the resistive heating element can have a local maximum and a local minimum.

A steam boost system is communicated with a steam sterilizer and is operable to adjust a temperature of steam communicated from a source of steam to the steam sterilizer to a dry vapor superheated steam that prevents the occurrence of liquid moisture in the steam sterilizer.

Devices, systems, and apparatuses for heating a liquid are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a heater includes a base comprising a generally planar surface and at least two heater pillars and a sensor pillar configured on the base. The at least two heater pillars each comprise heating elements. The sensor pillar includes a thermal sensor. A mixing element is configured on the generally planar surface of the base and is coupled to a mixing motor. When powered, the heating elements of the heater pillars are configured to generate heat and the mixing motor is configured to cause the mixing element to rotate.

Devices, systems, and apparatuses for heating a liquid are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a heater includes a base comprising a generally planar surface and at least two heater pillars and a sensor pillar configured on the base. The at least two heater pillars each comprise heating elements. The sensor pillar includes a thermal sensor. A mixing element is configured on the generally planar surface of the base and is coupled to a mixing motor. When powered, the heating elements of the heater pillars are configured to generate heat and the mixing motor is configured to cause the mixing element to rotate.

An electric heater includes a heating element, a heat transfer wall and a control module. The electric heater includes a fluid chamber, an inlet, and an outlet. The fluid chamber is in communication with the inlet and the outlet, the heat transfer wall is a portion of a wall part forming the fluid chamber, the heating element is fixed or limited to at least a portion of the heat transfer wall, the heating element is located outside the fluid chamber, and at least a portion of the heating element is in contact with the heat transfer wall. The electric heater includes a cover body wall, which is another portion of the wall part forming the fluid chamber. The control module is located outside the cover body wall, the control module is located outside the fluid chamber, the control module is electrically connected to the heating element.

An overhead door apparatus that is configured to be placed across an opening of a structure wherein the present invention will be adjacent the bottom edge of an overhead door secured to the opening when the overhead door is in a closed position. The present invention includes a body that is elongated in shape. The body includes an integrally formed first segment and second segment that are operable to create a cavity when the body is placed on the ground. Contiguously formed with the body are wing members wherein the wing members extend outward from the body and are configured to have a fastener journaled therethrough. The cavity of the body is configured to have the heating element of the present invention disposed therein wherein the heating element is substantially the length of the body. The body is manufactured from metal so as to conduct heat from the heating element.

An overhead door apparatus that is configured to be placed across an opening of a structure wherein the present invention will be adjacent the bottom edge of an overhead door secured to the opening when the overhead door is in a closed position. The present invention includes a body that is elongated in shape. The body includes an integrally formed first segment and second segment that are operable to create a cavity when the body is placed on the ground. Contiguously formed with the body are wing members wherein the wing members extend outward from the body and are configured to have a fastener journaled therethrough. The cavity of the body is configured to have the heating element of the present invention disposed therein wherein the heating element is substantially the length of the body. The body is manufactured from metal so as to conduct heat from the heating element.