A high-resolution display device is provided. A display device with both high display quality and high resolution is provided. The display device includes a first display element including a first pixel electrode, a first EL layer, and a common electrode; a second display element including a second pixel electrode, a second EL layer, and the common electrode; a first insulating layer covering an end portion of the first pixel electrode and an end portion of the second pixel electrode; a second insulating layer over the first insulating layer; and a third insulating layer over the second insulating layer. The first EL layer is placed over the first pixel electrode and the third insulating layer. The second EL layer is placed over the second pixel electrode and the third insulating layer.

Disclosed are a red light and near-infrared light-emitting material and a preparation method thereof, and a light-emitting device including the light-emitting material. The red light and near-infrared light-emitting material contains a compound represented by a molecular formula, aSc.sub.2O.sub.3.Math.Ga.sub.2O.sub.3.Math.bR.sub.2O.sub.3, wherein the element R includes one or two of Cr, Ni, Fe, Yb, Nd or Er; 0.001?a?0.6; and 0.001?b?0.1. The light-emitting material can be excited by a spectrum having a wide wavelength range (ultraviolet light or purple light or blue light) to emit light with a wide spectrum of 650 nm to 1700 nm or multiple spectra, thus having higher light-emitting intensity.

A vapor deposition mask made of a semiconductor substrate, comprising a plurality of openings to pass vapor deposition particles, wherein an aperture portion of which opening width is smallest is disposed between an edge of the opening on a vapor deposition source side and an edge of the opening on a substrate side, the opening width on the substrate side is larger than that of the aperture portion, and at least a part of an inner wall of each of the plurality of openings has a uneven shape.

A vapor deposition mask made of a semiconductor substrate, comprising a plurality of openings to pass vapor deposition particles, wherein an aperture portion of which opening width is smallest is disposed between an edge of the opening on a vapor deposition source side and an edge of the opening on a substrate side, the opening width on the substrate side is larger than that of the aperture portion, and at least a part of an inner wall of each of the plurality of openings has a uneven shape.

Provided is a technique for improving a luminous efficiency of a light-emitting element including quantum dots in a light-emitting layer by improving a balance between electrons and positive holes in the quantum dot layer. A light-emitting element according to the disclosure includes an anode, a cathode, and a quantum dot layer provided between the anode and the cathode and including a plurality of quantum dots and a vacancy, the vacancy being a region between the plurality of quantum dots. The quantum dot layer includes both the plurality of quantum dots and the vacancy in the quantum dot layer in an entire region of the quantum dot layer in each of all cross sections having a normal line in a direction from the cathode toward the anode.

An electroluminescent device including a first electrode and a second electrode facing each other; a light emitting layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; and an electron transport layer disposed between the light emitting layer and the second electrode. The light emitting layer includes a plurality of semiconductor nanoparticles, and the electron transport layer includes a plurality of zinc oxide nanoparticles, the zinc oxide nanoparticles further include magnesium and gallium.

A display device having a function of detecting an object that is in contact with or approaches a display portion is provided. The display device includes a light-emitting element and a light-receiving element. The light-emitting element includes a first pixel electrode, a first functional layer, a light-emitting layer, a common layer, and a common electrode. The light-receiving element includes a second pixel electrode, a second functional layer, a light-receiving layer, the common layer, and the common electrode. The first functional layer includes one of a hole-injection layer and an electron-injection layer. The second functional layer includes one of a hole-transport layer and an electron-transport layer. The common layer has a function of the other of the hole-injection layer and the electron-injection layer in the light-emitting element and has a function of the other of the hole-transport layer and the electron-transport layer in the light-receiving element.

A high-resolution display apparatus having a function of sensing light is provided. A high-definition display apparatus having a function of sensing light is provided. The display apparatus includes a first light-emitting device, a second light-emitting device, a third light-emitting device, a first light-receiving device, and a second light-receiving device in a first pixel. The first light-emitting device has a function of emitting red light. The second light-emitting device has a function of emitting green light. The third light-emitting device has a function of emitting blue light. The first light-receiving device has a function of sensing light emitted from at least one of the three light-emitting devices. The second light-receiving device has a function of sensing infrared light.

The disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for preventing oxidation or contamination during a circuit printing operation. The circuit printing operation can be directed to OLED-type printing. In an exemplary embodiment, the printing process is conducted at a load-locked printer housing having one or more of chambers. Each chamber is partitioned from the other chambers by physical gates or fluidic curtains. A controller coordinates transportation of a substrate through the system and purges the system by timely opening appropriate gates. The controller may also control the printing operation by energizing the print-head at a time when the substrate is positioned substantially thereunder.

The disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for preventing oxidation or contamination during a circuit printing operation. The circuit printing operation can be directed to OLED-type printing. In an exemplary embodiment, the printing process is conducted at a load-locked printer housing having one or more of chambers. Each chamber is partitioned from the other chambers by physical gates or fluidic curtains. A controller coordinates transportation of a substrate through the system and purges the system by timely opening appropriate gates. The controller may also control the printing operation by energizing the print-head at a time when the substrate is positioned substantially thereunder.