A top emission organic EL element includes a substrate, an insulating layer including a hole portion, a lower electrode, a light emitting layer, a bank surrounding the lower electrode and the light emitting layer, and an upper transparent electrode. The insulating layer, the lower electrode, the light emitting layer, the bank, and the upper transparent electrode are disposed above the substrate. The bank is arranged on the insulating layer so as to surround the hole portion. The lower electrode is configured to cover an inner side of the hole portion and an area, where the bank is not arranged, of an upper surface of the insulating layer, and a thickness at a center area of the lower electrode is 150 nm or more.

Provided is a display apparatus where: a blue light-emitting layer is formed as a layer that is common to a first subpixel, a second subpixel, and a third subpixel; a green light-emitting layer is formed as a layer that is common to the second subpixel and the third subpixel; and the red light-emitting layer is formed only in the third subpixel.

Provided is a display apparatus where: a blue light-emitting layer is formed as a layer that is common to a first subpixel, a second subpixel, and a third subpixel; a green light-emitting layer is formed as a layer that is common to the second subpixel and the third subpixel; and the red light-emitting layer is formed only in the third subpixel.

With chemically-strengthened thin glass substrates provided with an alkali barrier film, if the light-absorbing or light-scattering nature of the alkali barrier film itself has lowered the light extraction efficiency, or if the surface of the alkali barrier film is insufficiently flat, there may consequently be an increase in leakage current of an organic EL element and a decrease in reliability, leaving room for improvement. Instead of such an alkali barrier film, by providing an organic EL panel with a barrier film of the present invention and also with an organic EL element on a chemically-strengthened thin glass substrate with a specific light extraction structure therebetween, the glass substrate having one principal surface that includes a smooth region of the present invention, a high-performance organic EL panel can be obtained without compromising the organic EL properties.

With chemically-strengthened thin glass substrates provided with an alkali barrier film, if the light-absorbing or light-scattering nature of the alkali barrier film itself has lowered the light extraction efficiency, or if the surface of the alkali barrier film is insufficiently flat, there may consequently be an increase in leakage current of an organic EL element and a decrease in reliability, leaving room for improvement. Instead of such an alkali barrier film, by providing an organic EL panel with a barrier film of the present invention and also with an organic EL element on a chemically-strengthened thin glass substrate with a specific light extraction structure therebetween, the glass substrate having one principal surface that includes a smooth region of the present invention, a high-performance organic EL panel can be obtained without compromising the organic EL properties.

A method for producing an organic EL device having an anode, a cathode, at least one organic functional layer disposed between the anode and the cathode, and a sealing layer, comprising a step of forming the anode, a step of forming the cathode, a step of forming the at least one organic functional layer and a step of forming the sealing layer, wherein the average concentration: A (ppm) of ammonia to which the organic EL device during production is exposed from initiation time of the step of forming the at least one organic functional layer until termination time of the step of forming the sealing layer and the exposure time thereof: B (sec) satisfy the formula (1-1):
0AB105(1-1).

A method for producing an organic EL device having an anode, a cathode, at least one organic functional layer disposed between the anode and the cathode, and a sealing layer, comprising a step of forming the anode, a step of forming the cathode, a step of forming the at least one organic functional layer and a step of forming the sealing layer, wherein the average concentration: A (ppm) of ammonia to which the organic EL device during production is exposed from initiation time of the step of forming the at least one organic functional layer until termination time of the step of forming the sealing layer and the exposure time thereof: B (sec) satisfy the formula (1-1):
0AB105(1-1).

According to a method for producing a flexible OLED device of the present disclosure, a multilayer stack (100) is provided, the multilayer stack including a base (10), a functional layer region (20) which includes a TFT layer and an OLED layer, a flexible film (30) provided between the base and the functional layer region and supporting the functional layer region, and a release layer (12) provided between the flexible film and the base and bound to the base. The release layer is irradiated with lift-off light (216) transmitted through the base, whereby the flexible film is delaminated from the release layer. The release layer is made of a polycrystalline of tantalum nitride.

According to a method for producing a flexible OLED device of the present disclosure, a multilayer stack (100) is provided, the multilayer stack including a base (10), a functional layer region (20) which includes a TFT layer and an OLED layer, a flexible film (30) provided between the base and the functional layer region and supporting the functional layer region, and a release layer (12) provided between the flexible film and the base and bound to the base. The release layer is irradiated with lift-off light (216) transmitted through the base, whereby the flexible film is delaminated from the release layer. The release layer is made of a polycrystalline of tantalum nitride.

An organic EL light-emitting element is provided in which, by means of an organic material that is oligomeric, an organic layer coated film 25 is formed in a high-definition pixel pattern in a 100-2500 m.sup.2 area; a manufacturing method of said organic EL light-emitting element is also provided. The coated film 25 is formed by dropwise injection of a liquid composition containing an organic material oligomer in openings of insulation banks that are formed at a height of 0.5-1 m.