An electric heating pad for warming a patient includes a heated underbody support or heated mattress. The heated underbody support or mattress includes a heater assembly having a flexible sheet-like heating element, conductive bus bars attached at or near side edges of the heating element, and fabric side edge extensions attached to heating element side edges. The heated underbody support or mattress also includes a layer of polymeric foam positioned under the heater assembly and a shell, including at least two sheets of flexible material, covering at least a portion of the heater assembly and the layer of polymeric foam. When the heater assembly is wrapped around the top surface of the layer of polymeric foam, side edges of the heating element extend partially down the two side walls of the layer of polymeric foam and the conductive bus bars lie adjacent those two side walls.

The present invention relates to methods and electro-thermal heating elements in which the electro-thermal heating element comprises a cut-out. Forming at least one multi-resistance patch for the cut-out and attaching the at least one multi-resistance patch to the electro-thermal heating element proximate to the cut-out.

A heater includes a base body; an infrared electric heating film, formed on a surface of the base body, the infrared electric heating film including doped tin oxide and doping elements of the doped tin oxide including non-metal elements; and the infrared electric heating film being configured to generate infrared ray and heat the aerosol-forming substrate at least in a radiation manner; and a conductive portion, including a first electrode and a second electrode arranged on the base body, and both the first electrode and the second electrode being electrically connected to the infrared electric heating film to feed electric power of a power supply to the infrared electric heating film. An infrared electric heating film including doped tin oxide is formed on a base body, and doping elements of the doped tin oxide facilitate to improve conductive performance and infrared radiation efficiency of the infrared electric heating film.

A transparent-heater designing method by an information processing device for a transparent heater comprising a transparent base material and a heater unit, the heater unit comprising a conductive pattern formed on a surface of or inside the transparent base material, the transparent-heater designing method comprising a designing step of estimating, by the information processing device, designing information DI based on a transmissivity T and a heat generation capacity C as targets of the transparent heater, the designing information DI comprising information related to thickness of a conductive thin line comprised in the conductive pattern and information related to a pattern shape PAT of the conductive pattern.

A multifunctional assembly having a resistive element a conductive element in electrical communication with the resistive element, the conductive element defining at least one of a plurality of multifunctional zones of the resistive element, wherein the conductive element is configured to direct a flow of electricity across at least one of the plurality of multifunctional zones of the resistive element in a preselected manner.

A cooktop includes a base and an electrically conductive coating applied to the lower surface of the base. The coating is composed of a paint containing electrically conductive particles dispersed in a silicone or polyester-silicone or epoxy-silicone resin. The conductive particles are selected from the group consisting of multi-wall or single-wall carbon nanotubes, graphene, copper metallic particles, nickel metallic particles, or combinations thereof.

A composite light weight, flexible and energy efficient, thermal source energy transfer assembly for the transfer of thermal energy in articles of warmth or cold and its method of construction is described. The assembly comprises a thermal energy generating membrane having opposed top and bottom surfaces. A first thermally insulating flexible down material sheet is secured to the top surface. A second thermally insulating flexible down material sheet is secured to the bottom surface and wherein the first thermally insulating flexible down material sheet has a thermal insulating value superior to the second thermally insulating flexible down sheet to thermally insulate the thermal energy generating membrane from an ambient temperature side of the thermal source energy transfer assembly when retained adjacent a surface area of a user person to be heated or cooled by heat or cold released by the thermal energy generating membrane. The second thermally insulating flexible down material sheet absorbs and distributes thermal energy transferred thereto by the thermal energy generating membrane. Several assembly examples and applications are described.

A heater 1a includes: a substrate 10 made of a resin; a conductive film 20 being a heating element; and a power supply electrode 30. The power supply electrode 30 is electrically connected to the conductive film 20 and is arranged along a surface of the conductive film 20. The power supply electrode 30 includes a conductive filler 30p and a binder 30m. The binder 30m binds the conductive filler 30p. The power supply electrode 30 has a specific resistance of 100 .Math.Ω•cm or less. The heater 1a satisfies a relation |Rd ― Ri|/Ri ≤ 0.2. Rd is an electrical resistance [Ω] of the heater 1a, the electrical resistance being obtained after an environment of the heater 1a is maintained at a temperature of 85° C. and a relative humidity of 85% for 1000 hours. Ri is an initial electrical resistance Ri of the heater 1a.

An exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a pressure sensitive heating element including a front electrode and a foam including a conductive material attached to one or both surfaces of the front electrode, and a method for manufacturing the same.

Methods and apparatus for a vaporizer device according to various aspects of the subject technology may include an atomizer and a control circuit. The atomizer may include a plurality of chambers including a first chamber and a second chamber. The atomizer may also include a plurality of heating elements including a first heating element and a second heating element. The first heating element may be configured to apply heat to the first chamber in response to being enabled, and the second heating element may be configured to apply heat to the second chamber in response to being enabled. The control circuit may be configured to sequentially enable the plurality of heating elements.