A trim element includes at least one support layer having an inner face and an outer face and at least one functional layer made from a carbon material extending over at least part of the inner face or over at least part of the outer face of the support layer. At least part of the functional layer defines at least one heating element formed by a pattern that includes at least one conductive area made from carbon material and at least one nonconductive area formed by a through opening in the functional layer, the conductive area being supplied by a current source electrically connected to the conductive area.

Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to apparatus for processing a substrate, and more specifically to reflector plates for rapid thermal processing. In an embodiment, a reflector plate assembly for processing a substrate is provided. The reflector plate assembly includes a reflector plate body, a plurality of sub-reflector plates disposed within the reflector plate body, and a plurality of pyrometers. A pyrometer of the plurality of pyrometers is coupled to an opening formed in a sub-reflector plate. Chambers including a reflector plate assembly are also described herein.

Provided are a heating sheet, a heating tube, and an electric appliance. The heating sheet includes a graphite sheet substrate. The graphite sheet substrate includes a heating region and a buffer region. The buffer region is located at two ends of the graphite sheet substrate. The heating region is connected to the buffer region, and located on a side of the buffer region facing away from the two ends. The heating region includes a hollow zone. A duty ratio of the buffer region is greater than a duty ratio of the heating region. The heating sheet has advantages of good impact resistance and strong anti-fracture performance.

Heat generation efficiency is increased; temperature-keeping performance is increased; heat unevenness is reduced; and a heat diffusion property is increased. Provided is a far-infrared ray radiation sheet 1 according to the present invention that is formed in a planar shape, that radiates far-infrared rays, the far-infrared ray radiation sheet comprising a heat generation type mixed paper 10 comprising a basic material, carbon fiber exhibiting high heat conductivity, first graphite exhibiting high heat conductivity, second graphite that forms a conductive network, and mixed paper formed by mixing the basic material, the carbon fiber, the first graphite and the second graphite; electrodes 21 provided to the heat generation type mixed paper 10; and prepregs 11 laminated on the heat generation type mixed paper 10, wherein the far-infrared rays are radiated by applying current to the electrodes 21.

Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide an electric heater, which includes: a housing provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the housing internally having an air duct communicated between the air inlet and the air outlet; and a heating member and a convection member both being assembled in the air duct, wherein the heating member being configured for heating the air entering from the air inlet to the air duct during energization, the convection member being configured for blowing a heated air from the air duct to the air outlet for discharging. Herein the air outlet is provided on a bottom end of the housing close to a ground.

A heating assembly for a cooking appliance, such as a toaster or oven. The heating assembly can have one or more elements arranged to emit radiation in a wavelength range of 0.75 to 10 microns with a radiative flux of at least 3,000 to 5,000 Watts/sq.cm at a distance of 10 cm from the plurality of heating elements, and/or to emit visible light in a wavelength range of 570 to 800 nanometers, and/or emit radiation in a wavelength range of 0.75 to 10 microns with a ratio of the radiating area to the total area of each heating element being 5% to 25%, and/or emit radiation in a wavelength range of 0.75 to 10 microns toward a cooking space with a ratio of a total radiating area of the plurality of heating elements to an area of the cooking space receiving the radiation is 1% to 20%.

A vapor generation device and an infrared emitter is provided. The vapor generation device includes a housing, where the housing is internally provided with: a cavity, configured to receive an inhalable material; an infrared emitter, including an infrared emission material, where the infrared emission material is configured to heat the inhalable material by radiating an infrared ray; a temperature sensing material, formed on the infrared emitter and insulated from the infrared emission material, where the temperature sensing material has a positive or negative resistance-temperature coefficient; and a circuit, configured to obtain a resistance value of the temperature sensing material and determine a temperature of the infrared emitter from the resistance value. The temperature of the infrared emitter can be determined by printing or depositing a temperature sensing material with a temperature sensor function on the infrared emitter itself and detecting the resistance of the temperature sensing material.

The present application relates to the field of smoking devices, and provides an aerosol generation apparatus and an infrared heater. The aerosol generation apparatus comprises a chamber used for receiving an aerosol-forming substrate; and at least one infrared heater configured to radiate infrared rays to the chamber to heat the aerosol-forming substrate. The infrared heater comprises multiple infrared heating regions used for heating different parts of the aerosol-forming substrate, and predetermined spacing is maintained between adjacent infrared heating regions. The multiple infrared heating regions are configured to be non-independently started. According to the present application, the multiple infrared heating regions are non-independently started to heat the different parts of the aerosol-forming substrate, and because the predetermined spacing is maintained between adjacent infrared heating regions, the parts of the aerosol-forming substrate corresponding to the infrared heating regions have a significant temperature difference from the parts of the aerosol-forming substrate corresponding to the preset spacing, thereby avoiding the problem that the volatilization of cigarette components is relatively single, and improving the smoking experience of the user.

An oven includes an interior liner defining an interior cavity between two generally parallel, spaced-apart side walls, a top wall extending between the two side walls, and a back wall extending downwardly from the top wall. The oven further includes a broiler element mounted within the interior liner and moveable between a cooking position, wherein the broiler element extends laterally along the top wall in a direction between the two side walls and longitudinally away from the back wall, and a cleaning position, wherein the broiler element extends laterally along the back wall in the direction between the two side walls and vertically away from the top wall.

A highly efficient heating system for an electric motor vehicle embodies a heat exchanger for warming passenger compartment air and an electrically powered radiant heating source for heating fluid to be circulated through the heat exchanger. The radiant heating source can be infrared, microwave or other frequency selected to efficiently heat the fluid to be circulated through the heat exchanger.