A helmet has a helmet shell and a visor. The visor is attached to a visor heating element. The helmet has a controller adapted to control the amount of electrical power being supplied from a power source to the visor heating element.

An appliance having a heater connectable to a power source to create a heater circuit is disclosed. The appliance includes a controller and a heater switch configured to be selectively closed in response to a control signal from the controller to complete the heater circuit and enable current to flow from the power source to the electric heater. The appliance further includes a heater feedback circuit comprising a plurality of resistors and configured to be connected to the power source and further configured to generate an output signal to the controller having a first state indicative of no current leakage from the heater circuit, a second state indicative of current leakage from the heater circuit where the polarity of the power source is normal, and a third state indicative of current leakage from the heater circuit where the polarity of the power source is reversed. The controller may determine whether current leakage exists in the heater circuit, regardless of the polarity of the grid lines from the power source. The controller may take various actions in response to such determination.

A control circuit for a vapor provision system includes comprises a first controller with capability to control a first set of components in the vapor provision system; a second controller with capability to control a second set of components in the vapor provision system, at least one component in the second set being also in the first set; and a communication link between the first controller and the second controller by which at least one controller can monitor operation of the other controller; wherein one or both controllers is operable to, via the communication link, detect a fault with the capability of the other controller to control the at least one component and, in response, assume control of the at least one component.

A system and method for heating steam sample and chemical sample and feed tubes/lines in a natural gas fired heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) power plant including a tube impedance heater (IH) control system and at least one impedance heated tube having an outer insulation and an electrically conducting inner tube member, the impedance heated tube having an input IH feed power electrical connector and electrically connected at a first connection to the inner tube member, and a return IH power electrical connector electrically connected at a second connection by a first end of a return electrical cable and a first connector and second connector each mechanically and fluidly coupling the first and second connections respectively to the inner tube member to the steam sample or chemical sample or feed tube/line and electrically isolating the first end and second ends.

A water heater including a cabinet having an inlet, an outlet, and a flow path disposed between the inlet and the outlet and having a plurality of upper and lower junctions to redirect the flow path. Each lower junction includes a drain port. A flow rate sensor measures the flow rate of the fluid through the flow path, an inlet temperature sensor measures an inlet temperature, an and outlet temperature sensor measures the outlet temperature. Heating elements are disposed along the flow path between the inlet and outlet temperature sensors, and intermediate temperature sensors are disposed adjacent respective heating elements to measure an intermediate temperature within the flow path. A controller operates the heating elements to heat a fluid within the flow path to a predetermined set point temperature based on the measurements of the flow rate sensor and temperature sensors.

The present invention provides a data line with a memory function. The data line includes a connection cable and a plug connector arranged on the connection cable; the connection cable includes a memory alloy wire arranged along its length direction, and the memory alloy wire is electrically connected with the plug connector; the plug connector is configured to be connected to an electronic device, and the electronic device provides a current for the memory alloy wire, and the current can raise the temperature of the memory alloy wire to reach a memory deformation temperature. The connection cable of the present invention can automatically change its shape.

A heater control device includes a camera sensor configured to capture an image of an outside of a vehicle through an image capturing transparent region of a window glass, and a camera heater configured to heat the image capturing transparent region. The heater control device is configured to: apply, to a correlation which is set in advance between an outside temperature, a vehicle speed, and energization electric power, and a temperature of the image capturing transparent region corresponding to the outside temperature, the vehicle speed, and the energization electric power, the outside temperature at a current time, the vehicle speed at the current time, and a target temperature equal to or higher than a dew-point temperature, to thereby determine defogging electric power so that the temperature of the image capturing transparent region is prevented from falling below the dew-point temperature.

A substrate carrier is described with an array of independently controllable heater elements. In one example an apparatus includes a substrate carrier to carry a substrate for processing, a plurality of resistive heating elements in the carrier to heat the substrate by heating the carrier, a power supply to supply power to the heating elements, a power controller to provide a control signal, the control signal to control an amount of current applied to each of the heating elements, and a plurality of power interfaces in the carrier each coupled to a heating element to receive the power from the power supply and the control signal from the controller and to modulate the power applied to a respective coupled heating element in response to the control signal.

A heating circuit for joining disposed between members includes a heating wire; and a plurality of projections projecting from the heating wire in a facing direction in which the members face each other. Each length of the plurality of projections in the projecting direction is not less than half a layer thickness of a fused layer obtained by the members being melted.

[Object] To provide a control device and control system that make it possible to suppress overheating of a heater element without providing the heater element with an overheat prevention device.

[Solution] Provided is the control device for controlling driving of the heater element that produces heat when electric power is supplied, the control device including: an electric power control circuit configured to control electric power to be supplied to the heater element; a breaker circuit configured to interrupt distribution of electric power to the heater element; and a processor configured to control operation of the electric power control circuit and operation of the breaker circuit. The processor determines whether malfunction is caused with regard to the driving of the heater element on the basis of a predetermined malfunction detection condition, and causes the breaker circuit to interrupt the distribution of the electric power in the case where it is determined that the malfunction is caused.