A specimen heating apparatus includes a heater unit configured to heat a test specimen held in a material testing machine, a heater holding unit configured to hold the heater unit in a set position relative to the test specimen for heating, a specimen temperature measurement unit attached to the heater unit and configured to measure temperature of the test specimen when the heater unit is in the set position, a temperature controller configured to control heating of the heater unit in response to a temperature measured by the specimen temperature measurement unit, and a thermal insulation unit configured to cover the heater unit, wherein the heater holding unit holds the heater unit in such a way that the heater unit is allowed to be brought to and removed from the set position while the test specimen is being held in the material testing machine.

An electric blanket includes an electric blanket body and a remote controller. The electric blanket body includes a first wireless module, a heating wire, a first power input circuit, and a first main control circuit. The remote controller includes a second main control circuit, a first function button circuit connected to the second main control circuit, a display circuit, a second wireless module, and a second power input circuit for supplying power.

A power supply unit for an aerosol inhaler includes: a first series circuit; a second series circuit connected in parallel with the first series circuit; a first operational amplifier including a non-inversion input terminal connected to one of a first node and a second node, and an inversion input terminal connected to the other of the first node and the second node; and an adjustment circuit connected to the first operational amplifier and configured to prevent a differential input value of the first operational amplifier from being equal to a potential of a negative power supply terminal of the first operational amplifier or a minimum value acquirable by the first operational amplifier, in a state where a potential of the node connected to the non-inversion input terminal is less than a potential of the node connected to the inversion input terminal.

A heating electrode device for energizing the heating a glass is provided. A heating electrode device includes a plurality of heat-generating conducting bodies extending as having a rectangular cross section and arranged in a direction different from the extending direction. In the cross section perpendicular to the extending direction of the heat-generating conducting body, when it is assumed that a thickness that is a size in a direction perpendicular to an arrangement direction be H and a size of a lager side of sides parallel to the arrangement direction be WB, H/WB>1.0 is satisfied.

A heating electrode device for energizing the heating a glass is provided. A heating electrode device includes a plurality of heat-generating conducting bodies extending as having a rectangular cross section and arranged in a direction different from the extending direction. In the cross section perpendicular to the extending direction of the heat-generating conducting body, when it is assumed that a thickness that is a size in a direction perpendicular to an arrangement direction be H and a size of a lager side of sides parallel to the arrangement direction be WB, H/WB>1.0 is satisfied.

A heating electrode device for energizing the heating a glass is provided. A heating electrode device includes a plurality of heat-generating conducting bodies extending as having a rectangular cross section and arranged in a direction different from the extending direction. In the cross section perpendicular to the extending direction of the heat-generating conducting body, when it is assumed that a thickness that is a size in a direction perpendicular to an arrangement direction be H and a size of a lager side of sides parallel to the arrangement direction be WB, H/WB>1.0 is satisfied.

A heating electrode device for energizing the heating a glass is provided. A heating electrode device includes a plurality of heat-generating conducting bodies extending as having a rectangular cross section and arranged in a direction different from the extending direction. In the cross section perpendicular to the extending direction of the heat-generating conducting body, when it is assumed that a thickness that is a size in a direction perpendicular to an arrangement direction be H and a size of a lager side of sides parallel to the arrangement direction be WB, H/WB>1.0 is satisfied.

A heater for a radio frequency (RF) antenna and method for using the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, an antenna comprises a physical antenna aperture having an array of RF antenna elements; and a plurality of heating elements, each heating element being between pairs of RF elements of the array of RF elements.

A heating element for a cooking appliance includes terminals that act as electrically conductive contact points. One or more buses are arranged between the terminals, and connect one or more heating element segments in a zig-zag configuration. The heating element segments are connected in series and are arranged parallel with one another. Each heating element segment includes a plurality of cutouts linked together and having an elliptical shape. The terminals, heating element segments, and buses are a continuous single sheet of conductive material. A method of making the heating element includes forming a pattern into the sheet of conductive material by etching the pattern into the conductive sheet using photolithography.

A helmet has a helmet shell and a visor. The visor is attached to a visor heating element. The helmet has a controller adapted to control the amount of electrical power being supplied from a power source to the visor heating element.