A rotary irradiation apparatus of an embodiment comprises: a rotating gantry; a superconducting electromagnet being installed in the rotating gantry and forming at least one of a deflecting magnetic field that deflects a trajectory of a charged particle beam and a convergent magnetic field that converges the charged particle beam to guide the charged particle beam to an object to be irradiated; a rotating gantry drive unit that drives/rotates the rotating gantry; and a control device that controls the rotating gantry drive unit to rotate and stop the rotating gantry, while the superconducting electromagnet is being excited and the charged particle beam is not irradiated.

A compact rare-earth superconducting cyclotron includes a magnetic yoke, a pair of superconducting coils, and a pair of rare-earth poles. The magnetic yoke defines a chamber contained within the magnetic yoke. The superconducting coils are contained in the chamber defined in the magnetic yoke and are positioned on opposite sides of a median acceleration plane in the chamber. Each rare-earth pole includes a rare-earth metal and is contained in the chamber defined in the magnetic yoke on opposite sides of the median acceleration plane. Each of the rare-earth poles also extends inward toward a central axis from one of the superconducting coils, is physically separated from the magnetic yoke, and is separated by at least 5 cm from the other rare-earth pole.

A compact rare-earth superconducting cyclotron includes a magnetic yoke, a pair of superconducting coils, and a pair of rare-earth poles. The magnetic yoke defines a chamber contained within the magnetic yoke. The superconducting coils are contained in the chamber defined in the magnetic yoke and are positioned on opposite sides of a median acceleration plane in the chamber. Each rare-earth pole includes a rare-earth metal and is contained in the chamber defined in the magnetic yoke on opposite sides of the median acceleration plane. Each of the rare-earth poles also extends inward toward a central axis from one of the superconducting coils, is physically separated from the magnetic yoke, and is separated by at least 5 cm from the other rare-earth pole.

A linac-based X-ray system for cargo scanning and imaging applications uses linac design, RF power control, beam current control, and beam current pulse duration control to provide stable sequences of pulses having different energy levels or different dose.

A linac-based X-ray system for cargo scanning and imaging applications uses linac design, RF power control, beam current control, and beam current pulse duration control to provide stable sequences of pulses having different energy levels or different dose.

A system and associated method are described for depositing high-quality films for providing a nanolayered coating on a three-dimensional surface. The system includes a magnetic array comprising multiple sets of magnets arranged to have Hall-Effect regions that run lengthwise along a sputter target. The system further includes an elongated sputtering electrode material tube surrounding the magnetic array comprising multiple sets of magnets arranged to have Hall-Effect regions that run lengthwise along the sputter target. During operation, the system generates and controls ion flux for direct current high-power impulse magnetron sputtering. During operation logic circuitry issues a control signal to control a kick pulse property of a sustained positive voltage kick pulse taken from the group consisting of: onset delay, amplitude and duration.

A system and associated method are described for depositing high-quality films for providing a nanolayered coating on a three-dimensional surface. The system includes a magnetic array comprising multiple sets of magnets arranged to have Hall-Effect regions that run lengthwise along a sputter target. The system further includes an elongated sputtering electrode material tube surrounding the magnetic array comprising multiple sets of magnets arranged to have Hall-Effect regions that run lengthwise along the sputter target. During operation, the system generates and controls ion flux for direct current high-power impulse magnetron sputtering. During operation logic circuitry issues a control signal to control a kick pulse property of a sustained positive voltage kick pulse taken from the group consisting of: onset delay, amplitude and duration.

A microwave generation system comprising a microwave generator, a pulse generator and an impedance network. The pulse generator is arranged to provide pulses of electrical power to the microwave generator and is operable to vary the power of the pulses of electrical power which are provided to the microwave generator. The impedance network is connected between the pulse generator and the microwave generator. The impedance network is switchable so as to substantially match an impedance across the pulse generator according to variations in the impedance of the microwave generator.

A system for monitoring intensity of a particle beam can include one or more radio-frequency (RF) detectors coupled to a signal analyzer that can be placed outside the radiation field of the particle beam. Each RF detector can include a gas-filled RF cavity coupled to one or more gas-filled waveguides. The signal analyzer can self-calibrate before the particle beam is turned on for determining one or more absolute intensities of the particle beam when the particle beam is present.

A system for monitoring intensity of a particle beam can include one or more radio-frequency (RF) detectors coupled to a signal analyzer that can be placed outside the radiation field of the particle beam. Each RF detector can include a gas-filled RF cavity coupled to one or more gas-filled waveguides. The signal analyzer can self-calibrate before the particle beam is turned on for determining one or more absolute intensities of the particle beam when the particle beam is present.