Presented systems and methods enable efficient and effective radiation planning and treatment, including accurate and convenient transmission of the radiation towards a tissue target. In one embodiment, a radiation system includes an electron gun, a bend magnet, a scan control component, and an electron beam entry angle control component. The electron gun is configured to generate electrons. The linear accelerator is configured to accelerate the electrons in an electron beam. The bend magnet is configured to bend the path of the electron beam. The scan control component controls movement of the electron beam in a scan pattern. The electron beam entry angle control component is configured to control the entry angle of the electron beam.

Presented systems and methods enable efficient and effective radiation planning and treatment, including accurate and convenient transmission of the radiation towards a tissue target. In one embodiment, a radiation system includes an electron gun, a bend magnet, a scan control component, and an electron beam entry angle control component. The electron gun is configured to generate electrons. The linear accelerator is configured to accelerate the electrons in an electron beam. The bend magnet is configured to bend the path of the electron beam. The scan control component controls movement of the electron beam in a scan pattern. The electron beam entry angle control component is configured to control the entry angle of the electron beam.

Provided is a variable energy and miniaturized accelerator. It is impossible to change the energy of the extraction beam in the related cyclotron or to miniaturize an accelerator in the related synchrotron. The accelerator includes a pair of magnets which form a magnetic field therebetween; an ion source which injects ions between the magnets; an acceleration electrode which accelerates the ions; and a beam extraction path which extracts the ions to the outside. A plurality of ring-shaped beam closed orbits formed by the pair of magnets, in which the ions of different energies respectively circulate, are aggregated on one side. The frequency of the radiofrequency electric field fed to the ions by the acceleration electrode is modulated by the beam closed orbits.

Provided is a variable energy and miniaturized accelerator. It is impossible to change the energy of the extraction beam in the related cyclotron or to miniaturize an accelerator in the related synchrotron. The accelerator includes a pair of magnets which form a magnetic field therebetween; an ion source which injects ions between the magnets; an acceleration electrode which accelerates the ions; and a beam extraction path which extracts the ions to the outside. A plurality of ring-shaped beam closed orbits formed by the pair of magnets, in which the ions of different energies respectively circulate, are aggregated on one side. The frequency of the radiofrequency electric field fed to the ions by the acceleration electrode is modulated by the beam closed orbits.

Embodiments presented provide for a distributed ground single antenna ion source used in scientific experimentation.

A method of generating electromagnetic fields comprises the step of using the interaction between a laser source and an appropriate target, as the source for generating high-intensity electromagnetic fields. A strong positive charge is generated in the target hit by the laser. The target has a structure consisting of at least two different elements. The method can be used to obtain the acceleration, deceleration, deflection, focusing or selection of moving charges. Such charges have been previously accelerated by a completely separate process, and therefore the two processes of pre-acceleration and subsequent processing of the beam of particles are completely separate and therefore separately tunable and optimizable Such electromagnetic fields can be used in other fields than those previously indicated, such as—merely by way of example—medicine, biology, studies on materials, electromagnetic compatibility, and generation of terahertz radiation.

Embodiments presented provide for a distributed ground single antenna ion source used in scientific experimentation

Embodiments of systems, devices, and methods relate to an ion beam source system. An ion source is configured to provide a negative ion beam to a tandem accelerator system downstream of the ion source, and a modulator system connected to an extraction electrode of the ion source is configured to bias the extraction electrode for a duration sufficient to maintain acceleration voltage stability of the tandem accelerator system.

Embodiments of systems, devices, and methods relating to a beam system. An example method of detecting beam misalignment a beam system includes detecting beam misalignment in an injector system of the beam system. The example method further includes detecting beam misalignment in an accelerator system of the beam system.

Embodiments of systems, devices, and methods relating to a beam system. An example method of detecting beam misalignment a beam system includes detecting beam misalignment in an injector system of the beam system. The example method further includes detecting beam misalignment in an accelerator system of the beam system.