A cyclotron for accelerating charged particles includes: a first and second superconducting main coils arranged parallel to one another on either side of a median plane; and at least a first and second field bump modules arranged on either side of the median plane, and extending circumferentially over a common azimuthal angle for creating a local magnetic field bump in the main magnetic field. Each of the field bump modules includes at least one superconducting bump coil locally generating a broad magnetic field bump having a bell-shape defined by a first gradient of the z-component in a radial direction, r. Each of the field bump modules further includes at least one superconducting bump shaping unit positioned such as to locally steepen the first gradient produced by the at least one superconducting bump coil, when said at least one superconducting bump shaping unit is activated.

The invention discloses a method for adjusting particle orbit alignment by using a first harmonic in a cyclotron, including the following steps: generating a correcting magnetic field through eight coils symmetrically about the middle plane; arranging the positions of the coils and the currents applied, so that they can generate a first harmonic of which the amplitude and phase are arbitrarily adjustable; according to the actual eccentricity of the particle orbit, adjusting the magnitude and direction of the currents applied to the coils, and optimizing the alignment of the particle trajectory. By controlling an external DC power source of the accelerator and combining the real-time feedback of the beam detection of the accelerator, the invention may perform real-time adjustment during the debugging and operation of the accelerator, with high feasibility and operability; compared with traditional methods, the invention may achieve real-time adjustment during the debugging and operation of the accelerator.

A particle accelerator includes: a pair of magnetic poles disposed to face each other; a coil which surrounds each of the magnetic poles and generates a first magnetic flux density directing from the magnetic pole on one side to the magnetic pole on the other side; a foil stripper provided on a circling orbit of charged particles to strip off electrons from the charged particles; and a magnetic flux density adjustment unit which generates a second magnetic flux density directing in an opposite direction to a direction of the first magnetic flux density, in which the magnetic flux density adjustment unit makes an absolute value of magnetic flux density at a position of the foil stripper when viewed in a plan view smaller than an absolute value of the first magnetic flux density.

To provide an accelerator that easily provides a space for placing equipment incorporated into an accelerator magnet, and that has a dense region with small turn separations of beams and a sparse region with large turn separations of the beams in different positions in the beam orbit direction. A pair of magnetic poles (8, 9) has a depression structure of a plurality of depression and projection structures, in a position intersecting with a vertical plane (3). A boundary surface (41, 44, 45, 48) between the depression structure (21, 23) placed in a position intersecting with the vertical plane (3) and a projection structure (31, 32, 33, 34) adjacent to the depression structure has unanimously either a projection shape or a depression shape with respect to the vertical plane (3).

Conventional cyclotrons have been incapable of changing energy of a beam to be extracted. Conventional synchrotrons have been difficult to output beams in a continuous manner. An accelerator has a dense region dense region in which orbits of different energies densely gather as a result of using a radiofrequency electric field to accelerate an ion orbiting in an isochronous magnetic field in order to cause a beam orbit to be displaced in a specific direction with increasing acceleration, and a sparse region in which orbits of different energies are sparsely discrete from each other. The accelerator has a feature that a magnetic field has a magnetic field gradient in a radial direction of a beam orbit in the dense region, and a product of a gradient of magnetic field gradient and a beam size passing through the dense region becomes smaller than the magnetic field gradient.

Provided is a variable energy and miniaturized accelerator. It is impossible to change the energy of the extraction beam in the related cyclotron or to miniaturize an accelerator in the related synchrotron. The accelerator includes a pair of magnets which form a magnetic field therebetween; an ion source which injects ions between the magnets; an acceleration electrode which accelerates the ions; and a beam extraction path which extracts the ions to the outside. A plurality of ring-shaped beam closed orbits formed by the pair of magnets, in which the ions of different energies respectively circulate, are aggregated on one side. The frequency of the radiofrequency electric field fed to the ions by the acceleration electrode is modulated by the beam closed orbits.

A cryogenic magnet structure includes at least two superconducting coils, a magnetic yoke, and first and second cryostats. The superconducting coils are substantially symmetric about a central axis, wherein the superconducting coils are on opposite sides of a median plane. The magnetic yoke surrounds the superconducting coils and contains at least a portion of a chamber, wherein the median plane extends through the chamber. The first cryostat contains a first of the superconducting coils, and the second cryostat contains a second of the superconducting coils. The second cryostat is distinct from the first cryostat, and the first and second cryostats are on opposite sides of the median plane in the chamber.

Radioisotope production system includes an electrical field system and a magnetic field system that are configured to direct a particle beam of charged particles along a beam path within an acceleration chamber. The magnetic field system is energized by a drive current to generate a magnetic flux into the acceleration chamber for controlling the particle beam. The radioisotope production system also includes a target system configured to hold a target material and receive the particle beam. The radioisotope production system also includes a monitoring system that is configured to: (a) determine an operating parameter of the radioisotope production system as the particle beam is directed toward the target material and (b) change the drive current, thereby changing the magnetic flux, based on the operating parameter.

Disclosed is a high-frequency-tuning sliding electrical contact. The contact includes a tuning ring which is composed of an inner elastic piece, an upper base, an outer elastic piece and a lower base. Pull rods are welded to an upper side face of the upper base, and upper ends of the pull rods are driven to move up and down by a motor, so that the tuning ring slides up and down between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve along the pull rods. The overall structure of the novel electrical contact is simple, compact and economical. The disclosure reduces joule heat produced by contact resistance and prevents contact surface fusion welding or conductive damage, and is especially suitable for tuning in a small gap range.

In an embodiment of the invention there is a cyclotronic actuator. The actuator is defined by having a high-voltage plasma driver connected to a first electrode. The first electrode is surrounded by a dielectric material. A second electrode is grounded and placed away from the first electrode, such that a plasma arc is formed between the pair of electrodes when the high-voltage plasma driver is activated. A ring magnet surrounding the second electrode is configured to introduce a magnetic field locally to the plasma arc. The plasma arc will then discharge in a radial direction. The magnet creates a local magnetic field oriented vertically in a direction parallel to the axisymmetric orientation of the first and second electrodes to create a Lorentz Force. The force causes the plasma arc to move in a tangential direction and causes the plasma arc to discharge out in a circular pattern.