The present disclosure relates to a magnet pole for an isochronous sector-focused cyclotron having hill and valley sectors alternatively distributed around a central axis, Z, each hill sector having an upper surface bounded by four edges: an upper peripheral edge, an upper central edge, a first and a second upper lateral edges. The upper surface of at least one hill sector may further include: a recess extending over a length between a proximal end and a distal end along a longitudinal axis intersecting the upper peripheral edge and the upper central edge. The recess may be separate from the first and second upper lateral edges over at least 80% of its length, and a pole insert having a geometry fitting in the recess may be positioned in, and reversibly coupled to the recess.

The present disclosure relates to a particle therapy system for irradiating a target with a scanning beam technique. In one implementation, the system includes an irradiation planning device with a planning algorithm configured to associate a particle beam energy E(i) to each spot of the irradiation plan and organize the spots in a sequence of spots according to energy. The system may further include a control system configured for controlling in parallel, from spot to spot, a variation of an output energy of a beam generator, a variation of a magnetic field of one or more electromagnets of a beam transport system and a variation of a magnetic field of the scanning magnet.

Embodiments of the present invention disclose methods and systems for performing particle acceleration using a cyclotron RF resonator with an asymmetrical fixed tuner. A cyclotron RF resonator includes a single shorting plate tuner inside and a fixed short stem, and does not require top-bottom mirror symmetry. Small movements in relation to the wavelengths of the maximum acceleration voltage is bound by the capacitance of the accelerating surfaces. As such, the resonator may perform particle acceleration using asymmetrical tuning to reduce design complexity, cost of maintenance, fabrication and installation complexity, failure rate, and software complexity (e.g., control software), for example.

A cryogenic magnet structure includes at least two superconducting coils, a magnetic yoke, and first and second cryostats. The superconducting coils are substantially symmetric about a central axis, wherein the superconducting coils are on opposite sides of a median plane. The magnetic yoke surrounds the superconducting coils and contains at least a portion of a chamber, wherein the median plane extends through the chamber. The first cryostat contains a first of the superconducting coils, and the second cryostat contains a second of the superconducting coils. The second cryostat is distinct from the first cryostat, and the first and second cryostats are on opposite sides of the median plane in the chamber.

A superconducting air core cyclotron that replaces the iron core flutter field structure with an active superconducting wire structure with a superconducting main coil generating an isochronous field, and superconducting compensation coils generating the magnetic shield for the magnetic structure.

The present disclosure relates to a magnet pole for an isochronous sector-focused cyclotron having hill and valley sectors alternatively distributed around a central axis, Z, each hill sector having an upper surface bounded by four edges: an upper peripheral edge, an upper central edge, a first and a second upper lateral edges. The upper peripheral edge of a hill sector may be an arc of circle whose center is offset with respect to the central axis, and whose radius, Rh, is not more than 85% of a distance, Lh, from the central axis to a midpoint of the upper peripheral edge. Furthermore, the midpoint may be equidistant to the first and second upper distal ends.

The invention comprises a method and apparatus for scanning charged particles in a cancer therapy system, comprising the steps of: (1) providing a first and second dipole magnet system and a gap, the gap comprising a common gap length, along a path of the charged particles, within both the first and second dipole magnet systems, the gap comprising a progressively increasing x/y-plane cross-section area from an entrance area of the charged particles into the double dipole magnet system to an exit area of the double dipole magnet system, the x/y-plane perpendicular to a z-axis from a center of the entrance area to a center of the exit area; (2) scanning the positively charged particles along a first axis of the x/y-plane using the first dipole magnet system; and (3) scanning the positively charged particles along a second axis of the x/y-plane using the second dipole magnet system.

An electron beam treatment device, a method for electron beam flash therapy, and a system for flash therapy are provided. The electron beam treatment device includes an electron beam emitter, a first deflection member, and an annular deflection mechanism. The electron beam emitter is configured to configured to emit a high-energy electron beam. The first deflection member can perform first deflection processing on the high-energy electron beam passing through the first deflection member. The annular deflection mechanism is configured to receive the high-energy electron beam deflected by the first deflection member, and perform second deflection processing on the high-energy electron beam, so that the high-energy electron beam is emitted towards a target region.

The present disclosure relates to compact isochronous sector-focused cyclotrons having reduced dimensions and weight compared with state of the art cyclotrons of same energies. In one implementation, a cyclotron may include two pole magnets facing each other in a chamber defined by a yoke having base plates and flux return yokes forming a lateral wall of the chamber. The magnet poles may include between three and eight hill sectors alternating with a same number of valley sectors distributed about a central axis. The lip of the abyssal opening may be positioned at a distance from the corresponding valley peripheral edge. The flux return yoke may have a thickness in the portions facing valley sectors, such that the ratio of the product of the distance times the thickness to the square of the distance of the peripheral edge to the central axis is less than 5%.

An isochronous cyclotron includes at least two superconducting coils, a magnetic yoke surrounding the coils and containing at least a portion of a beam chamber, a plurality of superconducting flutter coils on each side of the median acceleration plane, a non-magnetic reinforcement structure filling the valleys between the superconducting flutter coils so as to maintain the positioning of the superconducting flutter coils, internal reinforcement structures mounted inside the superconducting flutter coils, and a cryogenic refrigerator thermally coupled with the superconducting coils and with the magnetic yoke.