A mass analyzer includes a main substrate, an upper substrate adhered to the main substrate, and a lower substrate. A mass analysis room (cavity) is formed in the main substrate and penetrates from an upper surface of the first main substrate to a lower surface of the first main substrate. A vertical direction (Z direction) to the main substrate by the upper substrate, both sides of the lower substrate, a travelling direction (X direction) of charged particles and a right angle to the Z direction by the main substrate, and both sides of a right-angled direction (Y to Z direction) and the X direction by a side surface of the main substrate are surrounded. A central hole is open in the side plate of the main substrate that the charged particles enter. The charged particles enter the mass analysis room through the central hole formed in the first main substrate.

A mass analyzer includes a main substrate, an upper substrate adhered to the main substrate, and a lower substrate. A mass analysis room (cavity) is formed in the main substrate and penetrates from an upper surface of the first main substrate to a lower surface of the first main substrate. A vertical direction (Z direction) to the main substrate by the upper substrate, both sides of the lower substrate, a travelling direction (X direction) of charged particles and a right angle to the Z direction by the main substrate, and both sides of a right-angled direction (Y to Z direction) and the X direction by a side surface of the main substrate are surrounded. A central hole is open in the side plate of the main substrate that the charged particles enter. The charged particles enter the mass analysis room through the central hole formed in the first main substrate.

A device includes: a first magnet array; a first magnet support body; a second magnet array; a second magnet support body; a gap drive mechanism for performing vertical drive of the magnet support bodies to change a gap; first, second connection beams connected to the magnet support bodies; a mechanism for connecting the connection beams to the gap drive mechanism; a cancellation spring mechanism for cancelling a suction force that acts between magnet arrays; and a spring interlocking mechanism for connecting the cancellation spring mechanism to the magnet support bodies. In the spring interlocking mechanism, first and second spring support frames that are connected to the first and second connection beams via a connecting portion, and a guide mechanism for guiding vertical movements of the first and second spring support frames are mounted, and the cancellation spring mechanism are mounted to both the first and second spring support frames.

A device includes: a first magnet array; a first magnet support body; a second magnet array; a second magnet support body; a gap drive mechanism for performing vertical drive of the magnet support bodies to change a gap; first, second connection beams connected to the magnet support bodies; a mechanism for connecting the connection beams to the gap drive mechanism; a cancellation spring mechanism for cancelling a suction force that acts between magnet arrays; and a spring interlocking mechanism for connecting the cancellation spring mechanism to the magnet support bodies. In the spring interlocking mechanism, first and second spring support frames that are connected to the first and second connection beams via a connecting portion, and a guide mechanism for guiding vertical movements of the first and second spring support frames are mounted, and the cancellation spring mechanism are mounted to both the first and second spring support frames.

The present invention allows more freely setting of the polarization direction of illumination light on an illumination surface of an exposure device. A beam transmission system (121) that transmits, to an exposure device (130), a linearly polarized optical beam (L) output from a free electron laser device (10) includes: an optical beam splitting unit (50) configured to split the optical beam (L) into a first optical beam (L1) and a second optical beam (L2); and a first polarization direction rotating unit (51) configured to rotate the linear polarization direction of the first optical beam (L1).

Disclosed is a method of utilizing deuterons (nuclear particles consisting of a proton and a neutron) for charged particle radiotherapy. Compared with proton therapy, at their maximum treatment depth of 66 mm, 125 MeV deuterons possess 82-85% less beam straggling than protons. This difference enables better protection of radiosensitive critical tissues that may be in contact with a tumor. Alternatively, it enables higher doses to be delivered to the tumor, resulting in better tumor control. The implementation of deuteron therapy interchangeably alongside proton therapy requires minor modifications at modest cost to many existing proton therapy systems and provides a clinically useful hybrid particle therapy facility. A free-standing deuteron therapy facility that employs only deuterons is also described.

A system includes a patient support and an outer gantry on which an accelerator is mounted to enable the accelerator to move through a range of positions around a patient on the patient support. The accelerator is configured to produce a proton or ion beam having an energy level sufficient to reach a target in the patient. An inner gantry includes an aperture for directing the proton or ion beam towards the target.

A system includes a patient support and an outer gantry on which an accelerator is mounted to enable the accelerator to move through a range of positions around a patient on the patient support. The accelerator is configured to produce a proton or ion beam having an energy level sufficient to reach a target in the patient. An inner gantry includes an aperture for directing the proton or ion beam towards the target.

A proton therapy system based on a compact superconducting cyclotron, including: a superconducting cyclotron system, an energy selection system, a beam transport system, a fixed therapy room subsystem and a rotating frame therapy subsystem; a fixed-energy proton beam extracted from a superconducting cyclotron of the superconducting cyclotron system is adjusted into a continuous and adjustable proton beam of 70 MeV to 200 MeV by the energy selection system, thus realizing a longitudinal adjustment for a proton range during treating a tumor, and the continuous and adjustable proton beam is respectively transmitted to the fixed therapy room subsystem and the rotating frame therapy subsystem by the beam transport system. The cooperative control of the superconducting cyclotron system, the energy selection system, the beam transport system and the therapy head realizes the transverse expansion of proton beams, thus realizing intensity modulated radiation therapy for the tumor.

A proton therapy system based on a compact superconducting cyclotron, including: a superconducting cyclotron system, an energy selection system, a beam transport system, a fixed therapy room subsystem and a rotating frame therapy subsystem; a fixed-energy proton beam extracted from a superconducting cyclotron of the superconducting cyclotron system is adjusted into a continuous and adjustable proton beam of 70 MeV to 200 MeV by the energy selection system, thus realizing a longitudinal adjustment for a proton range during treating a tumor, and the continuous and adjustable proton beam is respectively transmitted to the fixed therapy room subsystem and the rotating frame therapy subsystem by the beam transport system. The cooperative control of the superconducting cyclotron system, the energy selection system, the beam transport system and the therapy head realizes the transverse expansion of proton beams, thus realizing intensity modulated radiation therapy for the tumor.