A circuit board includes at least two circuit board units stacked together. Each circuit board unit includes a substrate and a circuit layer. The substrate defines a conductive hole penetrating therethrough. The conductive hole provided with a conductor therein. One side of the substrate further defines a groove, the groove including a concave portion aligned with the conductive hole. The circuit layer includes a connection pad located in the concave portion. The connection pad is shaped as a conductive protrusion, which surrounds and is electrically connected to the conductor. The circuit layer is located in the groove, and the conductive hole is electrically connecting the circuit layers of the circuit board units.

A method for manufacturing a wiring board is capable of forming a metal layer included in a wiring layer to have an even thickness. The method includes preparing a conductive first underlayer on a surface of a substrate; a conductive second underlayer on a surface of the first underlayer; and a seed layer on a surface of the second underlayer and containing metal. The method disposes a solid electrolyte membrane between an anode and the seed layer as a cathode; applies voltage between the anode and the first underlayer to form a metal layer on the surface of the seed layer; removes an exposed portion of the second underlayer without the seed layer from the substrate; and removes an exposed portion of the first underlayer without the seed layer from the substrate. The first underlayer is a material having a higher electrical conductivity than that of the second underlayer.

A conductive pattern has been disclosed. The conductive pattern includes a pair of conductive traces. Each of the conductive traces comprises a linear portion and a terminal portion. The terminal portions are arranged adjacent to each other and comprises a pair of circular arc profile with a pair of complementary notches facing toward each other.

A conductive pattern has been disclosed. The conductive pattern includes a pair of conductive traces. Each of the conductive traces comprises a linear portion and a terminal portion. The terminal portions are arranged adjacent to each other and comprises a pair of circular arc profile with a pair of complementary notches facing toward each other.

A manufacturing apparatus that includes a conveyance device that moves a stage, where an electronic device shaped by multiple layers is placed, in X-axis and Y-axis directions. A first shaping unit, a second shaping unit, and a component mounting unit are arranged within a range in which the stage can move. The manufacturing apparatus performs additive manufacturing of the electronic device on the stage by performing a sequential movement of the stage to respective working positions of different units. As a result, in this manufacturing apparatus, a workpiece on the stage does not have to be removed and repositioned during each work process such as shaping by a first shaping unit, shaping by a second shaping unit, and electronic component mounting by a component mounting unit.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a method (1000) of assembling an electrical circuit comprising one or more copper electrical conductors, the method comprising plating (1010) a surface of the one or more conductors with a layer comprising tin; annealing the plating; applying (1020) solder to at least a portion of the one or more electrical conductors, wherein said solder comprises tin and copper; and annealing the electrical circuit.

A current introduction terminal includes a board made of resin. The board has a first face and a second face opposite each other. The board hermetically separates environments of different air pressures from each other. A plurality of through via holes corresponding both to a plurality of metal terminals of a first surface-mount connector to be mounted on the first face and to a plurality of metal terminals of a second surface-mount connector to be mounted on the second face are formed to penetrate between the first and second faces, and then hole parts of the through via holes are filled with resin.

A method for manufacturing a wiring substrate includes forming a second resin insulating layer on a first resin insulating layer such that the second resin insulating layer is in contact with a surface of the first resin insulating layer, irradiating laser upon the second resin insulating layer such that a recess penetrating through the second resin insulating layer and exposing the first resin insulating layer is formed, and forming a conductor layer including conductor material filled in the recess formed through the second resin insulating layer such that the conductor layer is embedded in the second resin insulating layer. The second resin insulating layer are formed on the surface of the first resin insulating layer such that the first resin insulating layer and the second resin insulating layer have different processability with respect to the laser.

An apparatus for automating the fabrication of a copper vertical launch (CVL) within a printed circuit board (PCB) includes a feed mechanism to feed and extrude copper wire from a spool of copper wire and a wire cutting and gripping mechanism to receive copper wire from the feed mechanism, cut and secure a segment of copper wire, insert the segment of copper wire into a hole formed within the PCB, solder an end of the segment of copper wire to a signal trace of the PCB, and flush cut an opposite end of the segment of the copper wire to a surface of the PCB. The wire cutting and gripping mechanism includes a wire cutter to flush cut the segment of copper wire and an integrated heated gripper device to receive the copper wire from the spool of copper wire and cut and grab a segment from copper wire.

An image processing device that processes an image in which a wiring pattern is drawn and outputs the image as raster data in which formation content of wiring print dots is defined for each pixel, includes an input section that receives the image, a scan section that sequentially performs scanning in a scan direction at intervals of the pixel width, a calculation section that calculates an intersection-to-intersection distance in the scan direction based on positions of the intersection points, and a determination section that determines a line width of the wire in the scan direction and determine formation of dots for the determined line width for each pixel based on the intersection-to-intersection distance, the prescribed width, and a line width of an inclination wire which is the line width, in the scan direction, of a wire inclined according to the prescribed angle.