A panel device including a substrate, a conductor pad, a turning wire, and a circuit board is provided. The substrate has a first surface and a second surface connected to the first surface while a normal direction of the second surface is different from a normal direction of the first surface. The conductor pad is disposed on the first surface of the substrate. The turning wire is disposed on the substrate and extends from the first surface to the second surface. The turning wire includes a wiring layer in contact with the conductor pad and a wire covering layer covering the wiring layer. The circuit board is bonded to and electrically connected to the wire covering layer. A manufacturing method of a panel device is also provided herein.

A composite structure for use as a constituent of a mounting device, wherein the composite structure comprises an electrically conductive carrier, an intermediate layer comprising adhesion promoting material and being arranged on the electrically conductive carrier, and a thermally conductive and electrically insulating layer on the intermediate layer.

A composite structure for use as a constituent of a mounting device, wherein the composite structure comprises an electrically conductive carrier, an intermediate layer comprising adhesion promoting material and being arranged on the electrically conductive carrier, and a thermally conductive and electrically insulating layer on the intermediate layer.

There is provided a method of manufacturing an electronic unit that includes an electronic component having a rectangular plate shape and generating heat during operation, and a heat dissipation gel covering the electronic component. The method includes a side surface coating step of coating opposite two side surfaces of four side surfaces of the electronic component with the heat dissipation gel by discharging the heat dissipation gel from a flat-shaped opening of a nozzle, and a top surface coating step of coating a top surface of the electronic component by discharging the heat dissipation gel from the opening of the nozzle after completion of the side surface coating step.

There is provided a method of manufacturing an electronic unit that includes an electronic component having a rectangular plate shape and generating heat during operation, and a heat dissipation gel covering the electronic component. The method includes a side surface coating step of coating opposite two side surfaces of four side surfaces of the electronic component with the heat dissipation gel by discharging the heat dissipation gel from a flat-shaped opening of a nozzle, and a top surface coating step of coating a top surface of the electronic component by discharging the heat dissipation gel from the opening of the nozzle after completion of the side surface coating step.

A method of fabricating highly conductive (low resistive) features with silver nanoparticle inks at low processing temperature including room temperature is provided, The method includes 1) printing a silver nanoparticle ink to form a conductive feature on a substrate; 2) drying/annealing the printed feature at a temperature compatible with the substrate; 3) treating the annealed feature in a humidity environment; and 4) optionally drying the treated conductive feature. The silver nanoparticle conductive features exhibit a decrease in resistivity from about a factor of 2 up to about a few orders of magnitude after exposure to the humidity treatment.

A method of fabricating highly conductive (low resistive) features with silver nanoparticle inks at low processing temperature including room temperature is provided, The method includes 1) printing a silver nanoparticle ink to form a conductive feature on a substrate; 2) drying/annealing the printed feature at a temperature compatible with the substrate; 3) treating the annealed feature in a humidity environment; and 4) optionally drying the treated conductive feature. The silver nanoparticle conductive features exhibit a decrease in resistivity from about a factor of 2 up to about a few orders of magnitude after exposure to the humidity treatment.

A printed circuit board according to various embodiments of the disclosure includes a plurality of layers in which at least one opening is formed and at least one antenna included in at least one layer among the plurality of layers, and the at least one opening is located within a specified distance from the at least one antenna and is formed through at least one of the plurality of layers.

A reactive beamformer includes a radiator disposed within a substrate and configured to radiate a received electromagnetic signal, a plurality of receptors disposed within the substrate, each of the plurality of receptors configured to receive a portion of the radiated electromagnetic signal, and a plurality of signal lines. Each signal line of the plurality of signal lines is coupled to a respective receptor of the plurality of receptors to convey the portion of the radiated electromagnetic signal from the respective receptor and to provide the portion of the radiated electromagnetic signal to an output.

A reactive beamformer includes a radiator disposed within a substrate and configured to radiate a received electromagnetic signal, a plurality of receptors disposed within the substrate, each of the plurality of receptors configured to receive a portion of the radiated electromagnetic signal, and a plurality of signal lines. Each signal line of the plurality of signal lines is coupled to a respective receptor of the plurality of receptors to convey the portion of the radiated electromagnetic signal from the respective receptor and to provide the portion of the radiated electromagnetic signal to an output.