An intermediate printed board has a plurality of unit regions that are to be cut out and separated to become a plurality of individual printed circuit boards, respectively. The intermediate printed board includes a metal core substrate including: a metal layer; and a plating layer formed on each of a top surface and a bottom surface of the metal layer, the plating layer being absent in each of cutting regions, the cutting regions being regions on the intermediate printed board where the plurality of unit regions are separated so as to produce the plurality of individual printed circuit boards; an insulating layer formed so as to cover a surface of the metal core substrate; and a conductive pattern formed on the insulating layer.

An intermediate printed board has a plurality of unit regions that are to be cut out and separated to become a plurality of individual printed circuit boards, respectively. The intermediate printed board includes a metal core substrate including: a metal layer; and a plating layer formed on each of a top surface and a bottom surface of the metal layer, the plating layer being absent in each of cutting regions, the cutting regions being regions on the intermediate printed board where the plurality of unit regions are separated so as to produce the plurality of individual printed circuit boards; an insulating layer formed so as to cover a surface of the metal core substrate; and a conductive pattern formed on the insulating layer.

Examples of the present disclosure are related to systems and methods for lighting fixtures. More particularly, embodiments disclose directly embedded a smart module with a lighting fixture utilizing metal core PCB (MCPCB).

Examples of the present disclosure are related to systems and methods for lighting fixtures. More particularly, embodiments disclose directly embedded a smart module with a lighting fixture utilizing metal core PCB (MCPCB).

A multilayer wiring board having a high degree of freedom of wiring design and realizing high-density wiring, and a method to simply manufacture the multilayer wiring board is provided. A core substrate with two or more wiring layers provided thereon through an electrical insulating layer. The core substrate has a plurality of throughholes filled with an electroconductive material, and the front side and back side of the core substrate have been electrically connected to each other by the electroconductive material. The throughholes have an opening diameter in the range of 10 to 100 m. An insulation layer and an electroconductive material diffusion barrier layer are also provided, and the electroconductive material is filled into the throughholes through the insulation layer. A first wiring layer provided through an electrical insulating layer on the core substrate is connected to the electroconductive material filled into the throughhole through via.

A ceramic circuit board and a method of making are provided. The ceramic circuit board includes a substrate and a composite material layer. The composite material layer is formed on the substrate and comprises metal oxide powders and ceramic powders. The composite material layer has an interface layer which is transformed from the metal oxide powders by reduction and includes comprises zero-valent metal, lower-valent metal oxide and eutectic mixture reduced from the metal oxide powders of the composite material layer.

A ceramic circuit board and a method of making are provided. The ceramic circuit board includes a substrate and a composite material layer. The composite material layer is formed on the substrate and comprises metal oxide powders and ceramic powders. The composite material layer has an interface layer which is transformed from the metal oxide powders by reduction and includes comprises zero-valent metal, lower-valent metal oxide and eutectic mixture reduced from the metal oxide powders of the composite material layer.

An insulated metal substrate (IMS) includes a metal substrate, an insulating layer, a plastic frame, and a plurality of conductive metal pads. The insulating layer is located on the metal substrate. The plastic frame is located on the insulating layer and has a plurality of aperture areas. The conductive metal pads are located on the insulating layer and are respectively located in the aperture areas, and the conductive metal pads have sidewalls are in contact with the plastic frame.

Examples of the present disclosure are related to systems and methods for lighting fixtures. More particularly, embodiments disclose lighting fixtures utilizing metal core PCB (MCPCB) for optical controls.

Examples of the present disclosure are related to systems and methods for lighting fixtures. More particularly, embodiments disclose lighting fixtures utilizing metal core PCB (MCPCB) for optical controls.