A memory device includes a first lower semiconductor layer and a second lower semiconductor layer. The first lower semiconductor layer is disposed below a first upper semiconductor layer including a first memory cell array. The first lower semiconductor layer includes a first page buffer electrically connected to the first memory cell array. The second lower semiconductor layer is disposed below a second upper semiconductor layer includes a second memory cell array and disposed adjacent to the first upper semiconductor layer in a first direction. The second lower semiconductor layer includes a first portion of a second page buffer electrically connected to the second memory cell array and being disposed adjacent to the first lower semiconductor layer in the first direction. The first lower semiconductor layer further includes a second portion of the second page buffer different from the first portion.

A semiconductor device includes a lower structure; a pattern structure including first to third pattern layers sequentially stacked on the lower structure; gate electrodes stacked on the pattern structure and spaced apart from each other in a first direction that is perpendicular to an upper surface of the pattern structure, and a channel structure passing through the gate electrodes. The channel structure includes a channel layer and a metal-semiconductor compound layer. The metal-semiconductor compound layer contacts the channel layer and the second pattern layer. The channel structure passes through the second and third pattern layers and extends into the first pattern layer. The second pattern layer has a first metal layer contacting the metal-semiconductor compound layer. At least a portion of the metal-semiconductor compound layer overlaps the lower gate electrode in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

A semiconductor device includes a lower structure; a pattern structure including first to third pattern layers sequentially stacked on the lower structure; gate electrodes stacked on the pattern structure and spaced apart from each other in a first direction that is perpendicular to an upper surface of the pattern structure, and a channel structure passing through the gate electrodes. The channel structure includes a channel layer and a metal-semiconductor compound layer. The metal-semiconductor compound layer contacts the channel layer and the second pattern layer. The channel structure passes through the second and third pattern layers and extends into the first pattern layer. The second pattern layer has a first metal layer contacting the metal-semiconductor compound layer. At least a portion of the metal-semiconductor compound layer overlaps the lower gate electrode in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

A semiconductor memory device includes a cell substrate including a cell array region and an extended region, gate electrodes stacked on the cell substrate, the gate electrodes including molybdenum, and channel structures in the cell array region, the channel structures penetrating the gate electrodes, wherein at least one of the gate electrodes includes at least one void in a region between the channel structures.

A semiconductor memory device includes a cell substrate including a cell array region and an extended region, gate electrodes stacked on the cell substrate, the gate electrodes including molybdenum, and channel structures in the cell array region, the channel structures penetrating the gate electrodes, wherein at least one of the gate electrodes includes at least one void in a region between the channel structures.

A low cost IC solution is disclosed to provide Super CMOS microelectronics macros. Hereinafter, the Super CMOS or Schottky CMOS all refer to SCMOS. The SCMOS device solutions with a niche circuit element, the complementary low threshold Schottky barrier diode pairs (SBD) made by selected metal barrier contacts (Co/Ti) to P— and N—Si beds of the CMOS transistors. A DTL like new circuit topology and designed wide contents of broad product libraries, which used the integrated SBD and transistors (BJT, CMOS, and Flash versions) as basic components. The macros include diodes that are selectively attached to the diffusion bed of the transistors, configuring them to form generic logic gates, memory cores, and analog functional blocks from simple to the complicated, from discrete components to all grades of VLSI chips. Solar photon voltaic electricity conversion and bio-lab-on-a-chip are two newly extended fields of the SCMOS IC applications.

A semiconductor device and a method of manufacturing the same. The method may include: forming a mold stack that includes a plurality of insulating layers alternately arranged with a plurality of sacrificial layers; forming a preliminary pad portion by sequentially patterning the mold stack; forming a cell contact hole that extends through the preliminary pad portion and the sacrificial layer portions; forming a first extension portion and a plurality of second extension portions by laterally expanding the preliminary pad portion and the sacrificial layer portions; forming a first insulating liner and a sacrificial ring pattern in the first extension portion; forming an oxide liner and an insulating ring pattern in the second extension portions; forming a sacrificial plug within the cell contact hole; and replacing the sacrificial layers with gate electrodes and replacing the preliminary pad portion, the first insulating liner, and the sacrificial ring pattern with a pad portion.

A three-dimensional (3D) memory device is disclosed. The 3D memory device includes a memory stack, a semiconductor layer above the memory stack, a plurality of channel structures each extending vertically through the memory stack, and a source contact above the memory stack and in contact with the semiconductor layer. A semiconductor plug, in contact with the semiconductor layer, surrounds an end of one of the channel structures. The source contact is electrically connected with the one of the channel structures. At least a portion of the source contact is buried within the semiconductor layer.

An integrated circuit device includes a plurality of metal gates each having a metal electrode and a high-κ dielectric and a plurality of polysilicon gates each having a polysilicon electrode and conventional (non high-κ) dielectrics. The polysilicon gates may have adaptations for operation as high voltage gates including thick dielectric layers and area greater than one μm.sup.2. Polysilicon gates with these adaptations may be operative with gate voltages of 10V or higher and may be used in embedded memory devices.

An integrated circuit device includes a plurality of metal gates each having a metal electrode and a high-κ dielectric and a plurality of polysilicon gates each having a polysilicon electrode and conventional (non high-κ) dielectrics. The polysilicon gates may have adaptations for operation as high voltage gates including thick dielectric layers and area greater than one μm.sup.2. Polysilicon gates with these adaptations may be operative with gate voltages of 10V or higher and may be used in embedded memory devices.