Provided herein are platinum complexes of Formula I:

##STR00001##

Also, provided are methods of making the platinum complexes of Formula I and apparatuses that include platinum complexes of Formula I. The apparatuses can include near infrared organic light emitting devices.

An exemplary embodiment of the present specification provides an organic electroluminescence device including: an anode; a cathode; a light emitting layer provided between the anode and the cathode; and an electron transporting layer provided between the cathode and the light emitting layer, in which the electron transporting layer includes a first electron transporting material and a second electron transporting material, the first electron transporting material is an organic material including a monocyclic or polycyclic ring which includes an N-containing six-membered ring, the second electron transporting material is an organic material including a five-membered hetero ring which includes at least one heteroatom of N, O, and S, or a cyano group, and a dipole moment of the second electron transporting material is larger than a dipole moment of the first electron transporting material.

An organic EL device includes a pair of electrodes and an organic compound layer between pair of electrodes. The organic compound layer includes an emitting layer including a first material, a second material and a third material, in which singlet energy EgS(H) of the first material, singlet energy EgS(H2) of the second material, and singlet energy EgS(D) of the third material satisfy a specific relationship.

An organic electric element includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and an organic material layer between the first electrode and the second electrode. The organic material layer includes a light-emitting layer, a hole transport layer between the first electrode and the light-emitting layer, and a plurality of emission-auxiliary layers between the light-emitting layer and the hole transport layer. The plurality of emission-auxiliary layers include a first emission-auxiliary layer adjacent to the hole transport layer and a second emission-auxiliary layer adjacent to the light-emitting layer. Each of the first emission-auxiliary layer and the second emission-auxiliary layer is independently formed of one type of a compound without additional doping. The first emission-auxiliary layer includes a compound represented by Formula 1 or Formula 2, and the second emission-auxiliary layer includes a compound represented by Formula A-4-1 or Formula A-4-2.

The present disclosure provides an organic compound represented by any of the following general formulae [1-1] and [1-2]:

##STR00001##

where R.sub.1 to R.sub.8 are each selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a deuterium atom, and substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkoxy, amino, aryl, aryloxy, heteroaryl, cyano, and silyl groups, R.sub.4 may be combined with Ar.sub.1 to form a ring, Ar.sub.1 is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl or heterocyclic group, Ar.sub.2 is a substituted or unsubstituted divalent arylene group or divalent linking group, the divalent linking group being derived from a heterocyclic group, X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are each selected from an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a selenium atom, a tellurium atom, and a nitrogen atom having substituent Z, and the substituent Z is a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl group.

An organometallic complex represented by any one of formulas (1) to (3):

##STR00001##

In formulas (1) to (3), R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, hydrogen atoms, alkyl groups, silyl groups, and aryl groups. R.sub.3s are each independently selected from the group consisting of a deuterium atom, halogen atoms, a cyano group, alkyl groups, alkoxy groups, silyl groups, aryl groups, heterocyclic groups, and amino groups. Substituents may form a ring with each other. R.sub.4 to R.sub.6 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a deuterium atom, halogen atoms, a cyano group, alkyl groups, alkoxy groups, silyl groups, aryl groups, heterocyclic groups, and amino groups.

A polyimide film comprises a polyimide containing: a repeating unit (A) represented by a particular general formula: and a repeating unit (B) represented by a particular general formula, wherein a content ratio of the repeating unit (A) to a total amount of the repeating units (A) and (B) is 10 to 70% by mole, and the polyimide film has a linear expansion coefficient of 55 ppm/K or less, a tensile strength of 125 MPa or more, and a break elongation of 15% or more.

Provided are a compound of Formula 1 and an organic electric element including a first electrode, a second electrode, and an organic material layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and comprising the compound, the element showing decreased driving voltage, improved luminescent efficiency, stability, and life span.

An organometallic compound represented by Formula 1:

##STR00001## wherein in Formula 1, groups and variables are the same as described in the specification.

An electroluminescence display device includes a pixel electrode; a first organic layer provided on the pixel electrode; a light emitting layer provided on the first organic layer; a second organic layer provided on the light emitting layer; and a counter electrode provided on the second organic layer. The light emitting layer includes a host material, a light emitting dopant material and an assist dopant material. The light emitting dopant material has a first concentration distribution in a thickness direction of the light emitting layer; the assist dopant material has a second concentration distribution in the thickness direction of the light emitting layer; and the first concentration distribution has a concentration peak in a range of the second concentration distribution.