Provided are an amine compound represented by Formula 1, a light-emitting device including the same, and an electronic apparatus including the light-emitting device. The light-emitting device includes: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the second electrode; an interlayer between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer; and at least one of the amine compound represented by Formula 1.

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Provided are an amine compound represented by Formula 1, a light-emitting device including the same, and an electronic apparatus including the light-emitting device. The light-emitting device includes: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the second electrode; an interlayer between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer; and at least one of the amine compound represented by Formula 1.

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Provided herein a display apparatus including a display panel including a first surface for displaying information and a second surface disposed opposite to the first surface, and where a curvature is formed as a physical force is applied; and a curvature changing unit bonded to at least a portion of the second surface, wherein the curvature changing unit includes a first actuator unit configured to curve the display panel when a voltage is applied and a fixing unit configured to fixate the first actuator unit.

A display apparatus includes a thin film transistor disposed in a display area of a substrate and a display device in the display area that is electrically connected to the thin film transistor, an encapsulation layer that protects the display device, at least one through portion formed in the display area that vertically penetrates the substrate and a plurality of layers stacked on the substrate, and a first groove and a second groove that are spaced apart from each other and that surround the at least one through portion. A flow-restriction portion is disposed in a region between the first groove and the second groove that protrudes upwards from the substrate and confines an organic encapsulation layer of the encapsulation layer.

The present embodiment provide a method for evaluating anion permeability of a graphene-containing membrane and also to provide a photoelectric conversion device employing a graphene-containing membrane having controlled anion permeability. The method comprises: preparing a measuring apparatus comprising an aqueous solution containing anions, a working electrode containing silver-metal, a counter electrode and a reference electrode; measuring the reaction current I.sub.0 between the silver-metal and the anions while the electrode potential of the working electrode to the counter electrode is being periodically changed and driven under the condition that the electrodes are in contact with the aqueous solution;
measuring the reaction current I.sub.1 under the condition that, instead of the working electrode, the graphene-containing membrane electrically connecting to the working electrode is in contact with the aqueous solution; and
comparing the currents I.sub.0 and I.sub.1 to evaluate anion-permeability of the graphene-containing membrane.

An organic light emitting diode display includes a substrate, a semiconductor pattern disposed on the substrate, a first conductive layer disposed on the semiconductor pattern and including a first gate electrode having an island-shaped structure, a second gate electrode having an island-shaped structure, and a third gate electrode having an island-shaped structure, and a second conductive layer disposed on the first conductive layer and including a first initialization voltage line overlapping the first gate electrode, a scan line overlapping the second gate electrode, and a control signal line overlapping the third gate electrode, where the control signal line is electrically connected to the third gate electrode, the scan line is electrically connected to the second gate electrode, and the first initialization voltage line, the scan line, and the control signal line extend in a first direction.

A motor vehicle includes a seat having a backrest with an adjustable backrest inclination, an interior device, and a controllable device. A touch-sensitive screen for controlling the controllable device is arranged in or on the interior device. The inclination, curvature and/or position of the touch-sensitive screen is adjustable relative to the interior device. A control device in the motor vehicle can control the inclination, curvature and/or the position of the touch-sensitive screen depending on the backrest inclination of the backrest. Therefore, a device in a motor vehicle can be controlled in a more comfortable manner by controlling the inclination, curvature, and/or the position of the device depending on the backrest inclination of the backrest of the seat in the motor vehicle.

Embodiments described herein involve methods of forming an interactive card with indicators on a substrate. A plurality of indicators are formed on the substrate by way of a printed electronics process. A plurality of displaceable regions of piezoelectric material are formed on the substrate by way of a printed electronics process. Electrical interconnections are formed on the substrate by way of a printed electronics process, the electrical interconnections connecting an indicator and an associated displaceable region of piezoelectric material such that displacement of the associated displaceable region of piezoelectric material generates a voltage therein that is provided to the indicator in order to actuate the indicator and thereby indicate displacement of the associated displaceable region of piezoelectric material.

A light path control member according to an embodiment comprises: a first substrate including an effective area and an ineffective area; a first electrode disposed on the first substrate; a second substrate disposed on the first substrate and including an effective area and an ineffective area; a second electrode disposed under the second substrate; and a light conversion unit disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The light conversion unit includes an alternating arrangement of partition wall parts and reception parts. A first hole passing through the first substrate is formed in at least one of the effective area or the ineffective area of the first substrate. A second hole passing through the first substrate is formed in at least one of the effective area or the ineffective area of the second substrate. A first connection electrode is disposed in the first hole, and a second connection electrode is disposed in the second hole.

An optical path control member according to an embodiment comprises: a first substrate; a first electrode disposed on the first substrate; an optical conversion part disposed on the first electrode; a second substrate disposed on the first substrate; a second electrode disposed below the second substrate; and an adhesive layer disposed between the optical conversion part and second electrode. The optical conversion part comprises partition parts and accommodation parts which are alternately disposed. The accommodation parts comprise a dispersion liquid and optical conversion particles. The light transmittance of the accommodation parts changes in accordance with the application of voltage, and the driving speed measured by 85% reach time is less than 6 seconds.