A display apparatus having a connection electrode which crosses a bending area may be provided. The connection electrode may be disposed on a device substrate including a bending area between a display area and a pad area. The connection electrode may connect the display area and the pad area across the bending area. The connection electrode may have a stacked structure of the lower connecting electrode and the upper connecting electrode. A light-emitting device, an encapsulating element and a touch electrode may be sequentially stacked on the display area of the device substrate. The upper connecting electrode may include the same material as the touch electrode. Thus, in the display apparatus, the disconnection of the connection electrode due to bending stress and external impact may be reduced.

A circuit board includes a board, first connection pads disposed on the board and arranged in a first direction, second connection pads disposed on the board and arranged in the first direction, the second connection pads spaced apart from the first connection pads in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and a driving chip disposed on the board between the first connection pads and the second connection pads. Each of the first connection pads includes a first conductive layer disposed on the board, a second conductive layer which entirely overlaps with the first conductive layer in a plan view, is disposed on the first conductive layer and is formed of a different material from that of the first conductive layer, and a third conductive layer entirely overlapping with the second conductive layer and disposed on the second conductive layer.

A display panel includes an array substrate, a protective cover, a fingerprint identification circuit, and an optical structure. The array substrate and the protective cover are disposed oppositely, where the protective cover is located at a light exiting side of the array substrate. The fingerprint identification circuit is located at a side of the array substrate facing away or toward the protective cover and is configured to receive detection light and perform a fingerprint detection according to the detection light. The optical structure is located at a side of the protective cover facing away from the array substrate and is configured to increase a reflection amount of the detection light received by the fingerprint identification circuit.

A display apparatus includes a display element; a substrate including: an opening area, a display area adjacent to the opening area, a non-display area between the opening area and the display area, and a boundary line separating the opening area from the non-display area; an encapsulation layer including: a first inorganic encapsulation layer, an organic encapsulation layer and a second inorganic encapsulation layer in the display area, and the first inorganic encapsulation layer and the second inorganic encapsulation layer extending from the display area to the non-display area; and a dam portion in the non-display area and corresponding to the boundary line. The dam portion which corresponds to the boundary line includes a plurality of grooves in which the first inorganic encapsulation layer and the second inorganic encapsulation layer which are in the non-display area, are in contact with each other.

A display apparatus includes a base substrate including a display area in which an image is displayed and a peripheral area adjacent to the display area, a source/drain pattern on the base substrate, the source/drain pattern including a connecting electrode in a pad portion of the peripheral area and a electrode of a thin film transistor in the display area, a planarization insulation layer on the base substrate, the planarization insulation layer contacting a side surface of the connecting electrode and a side surface of the electrode of the thin film transistor, and exposing a top surface of the connecting electrode, a connecting member contacting the connecting electrode, and a driving member including a driving circuit, the driving member being connected to the connecting member.

An electronic device includes a base layer, a first sensing pattern disposed on the base layer and including a plurality of first mesh lines, a second sensing pattern disposed on the base layer, spaced apart from the first sensing pattern, and including a plurality of second mesh lines, and a light shielding pattern disposed on the plurality of first mesh lines and the plurality of second mesh lines, and including a plurality of light shielding mesh lines. The minimum thickness of the plurality of light shielding mesh lines is greater than the thickness of the first mesh lines and the thickness of the second mesh lines.

A switchable privacy display comprises an emissive SLM, a parallax barrier, a switchable LC retarder, and passive retarders arranged between parallel output polarisers. In privacy mode, on-axis light from the SLM is directed without loss, whereas the parallax barrier and retarder layers cooperate to increase the VSL to off-axis snoopers. The display may be rotated to achieve privacy operation in landscape and portrait orientations. In public mode, the LC retardance is adjusted so that off-axis luminance is increased so that the image visibility is increased for multiple users. The display may also switch between day-time and night-time operation, for example for use in an automotive environment. A low reflectivity emissive display for use in ambient illumination comprises a SLM with emissive pixels, an absorptive parallax barrier and a high spectral leakage optical isolator. Head-on light from the pixels is directed with increased transmission efficiency while ambient light is strongly absorbed.

A display with integrated touch screen includes pixels distributed in an array of rows or pixels connected by row wires and columns of pixels connected by column wires defining a display area on a display substrate. The pixels can comprise mutually exclusive subarrays of pixels forming clusters. Each cluster can be independently controlled and can comprise a touch controller for sensing touches. Each pixel can include one or more micro-iLEDs. A first row wire can be driven with a display signal at the same time the touch controller senses one or more second row wires different from the first row wire. The touch controller can sense multiple row wires at a time or can receive a control signal at a frequency of no less than one MHz on a row wire. In some embodiments, the touch controller comprises a capacitance circuit in an integrated circuit separate from the display substrate.

An optical coating has a siloxane polymer and noble metal particles. The coating has an index of refraction that is different for in-plane and out-of-plane. The coating has reverse optical dispersion within the visible wavelength range, and preferably a maximum absorption peak between 400-1000 nm wavelength range is greater than 700 nm. In one example the metal particles are noble metal nanorods having an average particle width of less than 400 nm.

An organic light-emitting display apparatus implemented by using a plurality of organic light-emitting diodes on a substrate and including a first pixel and a second pixel respectively emitting light of different colors, includes: a pixel-defining layer including a first opening and a second opening, the first opening defining an emission area of the first pixel, and the second opening defining an emission area of the second pixel; a total reflective layer over the pixel-defining layer, the total reflective layer including a first upper opening corresponding to the first pixel and a second upper opening corresponding to the second pixel; and a planarization layer covering the total reflective layer and having a refractive index greater than a refractive index of the total reflective layer, wherein an area of the first upper opening is different from an area of the second upper opening.