A method for fabricating a layer of material in an organic electronic structure, an organic electronic structure and a perovskite precursor ink for use in fabricating the same. The method includes the steps of: reducing moisture and oxygen content on a surface of a substrate; depositing the material contained in a solution on the surface of the substrate; and facilitating crystallization of the material contained in the solution applied on the surface so as to form the layer of material.

The present teachings relate to various embodiments of an hermetically-sealed gas enclosure assembly and system that can be readily transportable and assemblable and provide for maintaining a minimum inert gas volume and maximal access to various devices and apparatuses enclosed therein. Various embodiments of an hermetically-sealed gas enclosure assembly and system of the present teachings can have a gas enclosure assembly constructed in a fashion that minimizes the internal volume of a gas enclosure assembly, and at the same time optimizes the working space to accommodate a variety of footprints of various OLED printing systems. Various embodiments of a gas enclosure assembly so constructed additionally provide ready access to the interior of a gas enclosure assembly from the exterior during processing and readily access to the interior for maintenance, while minimizing downtime.

A method for producing an organic EL device having an anode, a cathode, at least one organic functional layer disposed between the anode and the cathode, and a sealing layer, comprising a step of forming the anode, a step of forming the cathode, a step of forming the at least one organic functional layer and a step of forming the sealing layer, wherein the average concentration: A (ppm) of a nitrogen oxide to which the organic EL device during production is exposed from initiation time of the step of forming the at least one organic functional layer until termination time of the step of forming the sealing layer and the exposure time thereof: B (sec) satisfy the formula (1-1):
0?A?B<12(1-1).

Methods and devices for controlling pressures in microenvironments between a deposition apparatus and a substrate are provided. Each microenvironment is associated with an aperture of the deposition apparatus which can allow for control of the microenvironment.

The invention provides an organic electroluminescent device and a manufacturing method thereof, and a display apparatus. The method for manufacturing the organic electroluminescent device of the invention includes using the following to form at least one function layer: preparing a solution of a material of the function layer, and forming a liquid material layer for the function layer using the solution of the material of the function layer; performing a vacuum drying on the liquid material layer for the function layer to form function layer. In the invention, a relatively dense film is formed by performing a vacuum drying on the function layer, and the residual organic solvent is effectively removed to avoid the formation of defects, so that the film becomes smooth and dense, which increases the carrier mobility in the film and is advantageous to the transport and recombination of electrons and holes.

Apparatus and techniques are described herein for use in manufacturing electronic devices. such as can include organic light emitting diode (OLED) devices. Such apparatus and techniques can include using one or more modules having a controlled environment. For example, a substrate can be received from a printing system located in a first processing environment, and the substrate can be provided a second processing environment, such as to an enclosed thermal treatment module comprising a controlled second processing environment. The second processing environment can include a purified gas environment having a different composition than the first processing environment.

Embodiments of the disclosed subject matter provide a laser source configured to output a laser beam, a beam transfer cavity to receive the outputted laser beam on a first side of the apparatus and output the laser beam on a second side of the apparatus, wherein the first side is opposite the second side, and a plume removal device having an exhaust aperture on the second side of the apparatus facing a heat affected zone (HAZ). A bottom surface of the plume removal device may be facing the substrate, where organic matter is disposed on the substrate, and the HAZ may be aligned with the surface of the substrate having the organic matter to be ablated by the laser beam.

A dry room for gas substitution has a drying chamber to receive dry air from a dry air supply device. Gas is circulated between inside the drying chamber and the dry air supply device. An airtight container is accommodated in the drying chamber. A low dew point gas supply device coupled to the airtight container removes moisture and supplies low dew point gas to the airtight container via a filter that removes foreign matter. An inert gas purification device removes oxygen and supplies an inert gas to the airtight container. A gas exhaust passage exhausts gas in the airtight container to outside of the drying chamber. The low dew point gas supply device and the inert gas purification device are independently provided so that moisture removal via the low dew point gas supply device is adjusted independently of oxygen removal via the inert gas purification device.

An ink printing process employs per-nozzle droplet volume measurement and processing software that plans droplet combinations to reach specific aggregate ink fills per target region, guaranteeing compliance with minimum and maximum ink fills set by specification. In various embodiments, different droplet combinations are produced through different print head/substrate scan offsets, offsets between print heads, the use of different nozzle drive waveforms, and/or other techniques. Optionally, patterns of fill variation can be introduced so as to mitigate observable line effects in a finished display device. The disclosed techniques have many other possible applications.

In a substrate pre-baking device, a baking box housing includes a baking chamber in an interior space of the baking box housing, wherein an opening corresponding to a side door is arranged on a lateral side of the baking box housing. The side door is arranged at the opening of the baking box housing. A heating structure is arranged in the baking chamber. A hot air curtain device is arranged at the side door of the baking box housing. When the side door is opened, the hot air curtain device is configured to form a hot air curtain for isolating the baking chamber from outside environment at the opening of the side door.