A photoelectric conversion element according to an embodiment includes: a first electrode; a second electrode; and a photoelectric conversion layer that is in contact with the first electrode and the second electrode and includes an active layer containing a perovskite compound. The active layer gives an X-ray diffraction pattern having a first diffraction peak ascribed to the (004) plane of the perovskite compound and a second diffraction peak ascribed to the (220) plane of the perovskite compound. The ratio of the maximum intensity of the first diffraction peak to the maximum intensity of the second diffraction peak is 0.18 or more.

According to the present invention, an organic light-emitting composite and a method of manufacturing the organic light-emitting composite are provided. According to exemplary embodiments, an organic light-emitting composite includes a polymer matrix; a first light-emitting material provided in the polymer matrix; and a second light-emitting material provided in the polymer matrix and obtained by oxidizing the first light-emitting material, wherein the second light-emitting material may have the same molecular weight as that of the first light emitting-material.

A method for producing an organic electronic device according to an embodiment includes: a device base formation step; a dehydration step of dehydrating a protective film-bearing sealing member under a pressure of 1000 Pa or more while conveying the protective film-bearing sealing member 10 in which a protective film 30 is laminated on a sealing member 20; and a sealing member bonding step of peeling off the protective film 30 from the protective film-bearing sealing member which has been subjected to the dehydration step and bonding the sealing member 20 to a device base. In the dehydration step, an atmosphere gas G1 having a dew point of 40 C. or lower is caused to flow from a downstream side to an upstream side in a conveyance direction of the protective film-bearing sealing member.

Manufacturing equipment of a light-emitting device with which steps from formation to sealing of a light-emitting element can be successively performed is provided. The manufacturing equipment includes a vacuum controlled cluster and an atmosphere controlled cluster and has a function of forming the light-emitting device by forming, over a substrate provided with a first electrode, an island-shaped organic compound over the first electrode, a second electrode over the organic compound, and a protective film over the second electrode through a plurality of film formation steps in the vacuum cluster, a lithography step in the atmosphere controlled cluster, and an etching step in the vacuum cluster.

The invention relates to a method for synthesis of films made of light-absorbing material with perovskite-like structure which can be used for fabrication of perovskite solar cells. The method for synthesis of films made of light-absorbing material with perovskite-like structure with a structural formula ACB.sub.3 is characterized by sequential deposition of a layer of a reagent C onto a layer of a reagent AB with a thickness determined by stoichiometry of the reaction followed by the immersion of the layers in a liquid or gaseous medium containing reagent B.sub.2 where component A states for CH.sub.3NH.sub.3.sup.+, (NH.sub.2).sub.2CH.sup.+, C(NH.sub.2).sub.3.sup.+, Cs.sup.+ or a mixture thereof, component B states for Cl.sup., Br.sup., I.sup. or a mixture thereof, component C states for metals Sn, Pb, Bi, or their melts, oxides, salts. The technical result achieved using the claimed invention is a simple and fast method for fabrication of a layer of light-absorbing organic-inorganic material with a perovskite-like structure which is homogeneous due to the formation of a film of the intermediate phase AB-B.sub.2 with improved morphology on the surfaces of a large area due to rapid crystallization, which allows the obtained material to be used in solar cells of large area.

A method of depositing a lateral pattern of a deposition material onto a substrate. The method comprises fabricating a laterally patterned deposition surface on the substrate having one or more deposition regions and one or more non-deposition regions. The method comprises depositing deposition material onto the deposition regions of the deposition surface to form a deposition structure comprising deposited regions and non-deposited regions. Depositing deposition material comprises dissolving the deposition material in a solvent to form a solution, introducing the deposition surface into fluid contact with the solution, varying a temperature of the solution, varying a pressure of the solution; and selectively heating the deposition regions to temperatures greater than the temperature of the solution to cause the deposition material to precipitate from the solution and deposit onto the deposition regions.

A method of forming microelectronic systems on a flexible substrate includes depositing a plurality of layers on one side of the flexible substrate. Each of the plurality of layers is deposited from one of a plurality of sources. A vertical projection of a perimeter of each one of the plurality of sources does not intersect the flexible substrate. The flexible substrate is in motion during the depositing the plurality of layers via a roll to roll feed and retrieval system.

An ink printing process employs per-nozzle droplet volume measurement and processing software that plans droplet combinations to reach specific aggregate ink fills per target region, guaranteeing compliance with minimum and maximum ink fills set by specification. In various embodiments, different droplet combinations are produced through different print head/substrate scan offsets, offsets between print heads, the use of different nozzle drive waveforms, and/or other techniques. Optionally, patterns of fill variation can be introduced so as to mitigate observable line effects in a finished display device. The disclosed techniques have many other possible applications.

A dry room for gas substitution has a drying chamber to receive dry air from a dry air supply device. Gas is circulated between inside the drying chamber and the dry air supply device. An airtight container is accommodated in the drying chamber. A low dew point gas supply device coupled to the airtight container removes moisture and supplies low dew point gas to the airtight container via a filter that removes foreign matter. An inert gas purification device removes oxygen and supplies an inert gas to the airtight container. A gas exhaust passage exhausts gas in the airtight container to outside of the drying chamber. The low dew point gas supply device and the inert gas purification device are independently provided so that moisture removal via the low dew point gas supply device is adjusted independently of oxygen removal via the inert gas purification device.

According to an embodiment, a producing method of a radiation detection element, includes: forming an organic semiconductor layer by applying an organic semiconductor solution onto a first conductive layer formed on a support substrate; forming a second conductive layer on the organic semiconductor layer; sealing a laminated body of the first conductive layer, the organic semiconductor layer, and the second conductive layer, formed on the support substrate, with a sealing member; and applying heat to the laminated body sealed with the sealing member. In at least one of forming of the organic layer and forming of the second conductive layer, a forming environment of the organic semiconductor layer and the second conductive layer are adjusted such that the solvent content of the organic semiconductor layer is in a predetermined range.