A novel functional panel that is highly convenient, useful, or reliable is provided. The functional panel includes a pixel including a microlens array and a light-emitting device. The light-emitting device emits first light. The microlens array collects the first light. The microlens array includes a plurality of microlenses. The microlenses have a cross section having a shape with which they can be arranged with a filling factor higher than that of a circle on a plane parallel to the light-emitting device. The microlenses have a curved surface on a plane orthogonal to the plane parallel to the light-emitting device. The convex side of the curved surface faces the light-emitting device.

A display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a substrate in which an emission area and a non-emission area are divided and a plurality of sub pixels is defined, a first electrode disposed in each of the plurality of sub pixels, a bank which is disposed on an insulating layer above the substrate and exposes the first electrode through an opening, a trench which is formed by removing a partial area of the bank between the plurality of sub pixels to expose the insulating layer, an organic layer disposed above the substrate in which the bank is disposed, a charge blocking layer interposed in the organic layer in the trench, and a second electrode disposed on the organic layer.

Provided is an organic light-emitting device comprising an anode, a cathode, and a light-emitting layer provided between the anode and the cathode, wherein the light-emitting layer comprises a first compound of Chemical Formula 1 and a second compound of Chemical Formula 2: ##STR00001## wherein: A is Chemical Formula 1a or 1b: ##STR00002## Ar.sub.1 and Ar.sub.2 are each independently a C.sub.6-60 aromatic ring or a C.sub.2-60 heteroaromatic ring, and Ar.sub.1 and Ar.sub.2 are unsubstituted, or substituted with C.sub.1-60 alkyl, C.sub.6-60 aryl, or C.sub.2-60 heteroaryl; Ar′.sub.1 and Ar′.sub.2 are each independently substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-60 aryl or substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-60 heteroaryl; provided that a1+b1+c1+d+e+f is 1 or more; or a2+b2+c2+d+e+f is 1 or more; R′.sub.1 and R′.sub.2 are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, C.sub.1-60 alkyl, C.sub.6-60 aryl, or C.sub.2-60 heteroaryl; and r and s are each independently 0 to 7.

An inorganic light emitting diode in which at least one energy control layer including an organometallic compound interacting with a hydroxyquinoline moiety is disposed between an emitting material layer and at least one charge transfer layer and an inorganic light emitting device including the diode are disclosed. An exciton recombination zone is formed at the central region in the EML, and inorganic luminescent particles have minimal surface defects by introducing the energy control layer. The inorganic light emitting diode and the inorganic light emitting device can improve their color purity and luminous efficiency.

Disclosed is an organic light-emitting device including an emission layer that includes a first compound.

A light-emitting element includes, in sequence, an anode, a hole transport layer, a luminous layer containing a plurality of quantum dots, an electron transport layer, and a cathode. The electron transport layer includes a plurality of inorganic nanoparticles having electron transportability, and an organic layer having electron transportability. The organic layer partly contains the plurality of inorganic nanoparticles, and includes a plurality of first hollows in an interface adjacent to the luminous layer. The plurality of first hollows are filled with the plurality of quantum dots.

An organometallic compound represented by Formula 1:

##STR00001## wherein, in Formula 1, groups and variables are the same as described in the specification.

Provided is a light-emitting element with high external quantum efficiency and a low drive voltage. The light-emitting element includes a light-emitting layer which contains a phosphorescent compound and a material exhibiting thermally activated delayed fluorescence between a pair of electrodes, wherein a peak of a fluorescence spectrum and/or a peak of a phosphorescence spectrum of the material exhibiting thermally activated delayed fluorescence overlap(s) with a lowest-energy-side absorption band in an absorption spectrum of the phosphorescent compound, and wherein the phosphorescent compound exhibits phosphorescence in the light-emitting layer by voltage application between the pair of electrodes.

A composition including a platinum-containing organometallic compound, a first compound, a second compound, and a third compound, and an organic light-emitting device including the same wherein the composition does not comprise iridium, the Pt-containing organometallic compound, the first compound, the second compound, and the third compound are different from each other, the first compound comprises at least one electron transport moiety, the second compound and the third compound do not include a metal, each of an absolute value of a HOMO energy level of the second compound and an absolute value of a HOMO energy level of the third compound is 5.30 eV to 5.85 eV, the difference between the absolute value of the HOMO energy level of the second compound and the absolute value of the HOMO energy level of the third compound is 0.01 eV to 0.30 eV.

An electroluminescent device and a display device including the same are disclosed, wherein the electroluminescent device includes a first electrode; a hole transport layer disposed on the first electrode; a light emitting layer including a first light emitting layer disposed on the hole transport layer, the first emitting layer including a first quantum dot, and a second light emitting layer including a second quantum dot and an n-type organic semiconductor, the second light emitting layer disposed on the first light emitting layer; an electron transport layer disposed on the second light emitting layer; and a second electrode disposed on the electron transport layer.