A highly reliable light-emitting device which includes an organic EL element and is lightweight is provided. The light-emitting device includes a first organic resin layer; a first glass layer over the first organic resin layer; a light-emitting element over the first glass layer; a second glass layer over the light-emitting element; and a second organic resin layer over the second glass layer. The first organic resin layer and the first glass layer each have a property of transmitting visible light. The thickness of the first glass layer and the thickness of the second glass layer are independently greater than or equal to 25 ?m and less than or equal to 100 ?m. The light-emitting element includes a first electrode having a property of transmitting visible light, a layer containing a light-emitting organic compound, and a second electrode stacked in this order from the first glass layer side.

A compound is represented by the following formula (1). In the formula (1), Ar is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group including 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, R.sup.a are independently a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group including 1 to 15 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group including 3 to 15 carbon atoms, R.sup.b1 to R.sup.b4 are independently a halogen atom, a cyano group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group including 1 to 15 carbon atoms, or the like, R.sup.c1 to R.sup.c10 are independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group including 1 to 15 carbon atoms, or the like, * is a bonding position at which one of R.sup.c1 to R.sup.c10 is bonded to either nitrogen atom, x is an integer from 0 to 3, y is an integer from 0 to 4, and z are independently an integer from 0 to 5.

##STR00001##

A method of forming microelectronic systems on a flexible substrate includes depositing a plurality of layers on one side of the flexible substrate. Each of the plurality of layers is deposited from one of a plurality of sources. A vertical projection of a perimeter of each one of the plurality of sources does not intersect the flexible substrate. The flexible substrate is in motion during the depositing the plurality of layers via a roll to roll feed and retrieval system.

A compound is represented by the following formula (1). In the formula (1), Ar is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group including 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, R.sup.a are independently a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group including 1 to 15 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group including 3 to 15 carbon atoms, R.sup.b1 to R.sup.b4 are independently a halogen atom, a cyano group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group including 1 to 15 carbon atoms, or the like, R.sup.c1 to R.sup.c10 are independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group including 1 to 15 carbon atoms, or the like, * is a bonding position at which one of R.sup.c1 to R.sup.c10 is bonded to either nitrogen atom, x is an integer from 0 to 3, y is an integer from 0 to 4, and z are independently an integer from 0 to 5.

##STR00001##

A highly reliable light-emitting device which includes an organic EL element and is lightweight is provided. The light-emitting device includes a first organic resin layer; a first glass layer over the first organic resin layer; a light-emitting element over the first glass layer; a second glass layer over the light-emitting element; and a second organic resin layer over the second glass layer. The first organic resin layer and the first glass layer each have a property of transmitting visible light. The thickness of the first glass layer and the thickness of the second glass layer are independently greater than or equal to 25 m and less than or equal to 100 m. The light-emitting element includes a first electrode having a property of transmitting visible light, a layer containing a light-emitting organic compound, and a second electrode stacked in this order from the first glass layer side.

A liquid crystal display device containing a liquid crystal panel that includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and first and second polarizers at respective outer surfaces of the first and second substrates; and a backlight unit under the liquid crystal panel that includes a light source, wherein the light source includes a first luminous body having a first peak wavelength, a second luminous body having a second peak wavelength greater than the first peak wavelength, and a third luminous body having a third peak wavelength greater than the second peak wavelength, and wherein the first polarizer contains a light absorption layer having an absorption peak between the second peak wavelength and the third peak wavelength.

An organic light-emitting device having low-driving voltage, improved efficiency, and long lifespan includes: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; a first layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first layer including a first compound; a second layer between the first layer and the second electrode, the second layer including a second compound; and a third layer between the second layer and the second electrode, the third layer including a third compound; wherein the first compound does not include a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group comprising *N* as a ring forming moiety, and wherein the first compound, the second compound, and the third compound each independently include at least one group selected from groups represented by Formulae A to C:

##STR00001##

An organic light-emitting device includes: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, the organic layer including a compound represented by Formula 1. The organic light-emitting device including the compound of Formula 1 may have high efficiency, low driving voltage, high brightness, and long lifespan characteristics.

##STR00001##

A display device includes a display panel, wherein the display panel has a display area and a non-display area along a periphery of the display area, the non-display area includes a frame area and also includes an intermediate area between the display area and the frame area, and letting a first areal ratio be an areal fraction of lateral cross-sectional areas of a plurality of spacers per unit area in the display area, a second areal ratio be an areal fraction of lateral cross-sectional areas of the plurality of spacers per unit area in the intermediate area, and a third areal ratio be an areal fraction of lateral cross-sectional areas of the plurality of spacers per unit area in the frame area, the plurality of spacers are arranged so as to satisfy relations, first areal ratio < second areal ratio < third areal ratio.