A piezoelectric device and a manufacturing method thereof in which a piezoelectric film formed of a thin film of a lead zirconate titanate-based perovskite oxide is formed on a substrate, and at least a first region out of the first region and a second region of the piezoelectric film is irradiated with electromagnetic waves having a wavelength of 230 nm or less in a reducing atmosphere to provide a difference in piezoelectric characteristics between the first region and the second region so that the first region has a smaller absolute value of a piezoelectric constant d.sub.31 and a smaller dielectric loss tan ? than the second region.

A mounting structure includes a first substrate that has a first surface on which a functional element is provided, a wiring that is provided at a position which is different from a position of the functional element on the first surface, and is connected to the functional element, a second substrate that has a second surface facing the first surface, and a conductor that is provided on the second surface, and is connected to the wiring and the functional element, in which the shortest distance between the functional element and the second substrate is longer than a distance between a position where the wiring is connected to the conductor, and the second substrate.

A force transducer for an electronic device can be operated in a drive mode and a sense mode simultaneously. In particular, the force transducer can provide haptic output while simultaneously receiving force input from a user. The force transducer is primarily defined by a monolithic piezoelectric body, a ground electrode, a drive electrode, and a sense electrode. The ground electrode and the drive electrode each include multiple electrically-electrically conductive sheets that extend into the monolithic body; the electrically conductive sheets of the ground electrode and the drive electrode are interdigitally engaged. The sense electrode of the force transducer is typically disposed on an exterior surface of the monolithic body.

Provided is: an elongated plate-form piezoelectric body, which contains an optically active helical chiral polymer (A) having a weight-average molecular weight of from 50,000 to 1,000,000 and has an elongated plate shape having a thickness of from 0.001 mm to 0.2 mm, a width of from 0.1 mm to 30 mm and a width-to-thickness ratio of 2 or higher, and in which the lengthwise direction and the main orientation direction of the helical chiral polymer (A) are substantially parallel to each other; the crystallinity measured by a DSC method is from 20% to 80%; and the birefringence is from 0.01 to 0.03.

A touch display device includes a display panel, a processor and a pressure sensing device and a touch feedback device disposed over the display panel. The pressure sensing device is configured to sense a pressure sensing upon an occurrence of touch, such that the pressure signal may be provided to the processor to generate a feedback signal. The touch feedback device is configured to perform a corresponding feedback operation according to the feedback signal.

A BAW resonator includes a nonlinear substrate defining a cavity, and an acoustic stack over the cavity, including a bottom electrode, a piezoelectric layer, and a top electrode, where an active region of the acoustic stack includes overlapping portions of the cavity, the bottom electrode, the piezoelectric layer and the top electrode. The BAW resonator further includes a connecting strip extending from a portion of the top electrode for providing electrical excitation of the acoustic stack, where an E-field generated in the BAW resonator begins at the top electrode and terminates at the bottom electrode in response to the electrical excitation. The cavity includes an inner portion in the active region and an extended portion extending from an outer perimeter of the active region underneath the connecting strip. A length of the extended portion are sufficient to substantially prevent portions of the E-field from passing through the substrate.

Matching layers configured for use with ultrasound transducers are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a transducer stack can include a capacitive micromachined ultrasound transducer (CMUT), an acoustic lens, and a matching layer therebetween. The matching layer can be made from a compliant material (e.g. an elastomer and/or an liquid) and configured for use with CMUTs. The matching layer can include a bottom surface overlying a top surface of the transducer and a top surface underlying a bottom surface of the lens.

An ultrasonic transducer (1) includes a base portion (14), a piezoelectric element (11), a vibration plate (10), and a resonator (12). The resonator (12) is joined to a first surface (21) of the vibration plate (10). A surface, of the piezoelectric element (11), on a side opposite to a side on which the piezoelectric element is joined to the base portion (14), is joined to a second surface (22) of the vibration plate (10). A through-hole (30) is formed in the piezoelectric element (11) so as to penetrate therethrough in a thickness direction of the vibration plate (10). In a planar direction orthogonal to the thickness direction of the vibration plate (10), a joined portion (40) between the vibration plate (10) and the resonator (12) is located inward of a node (20) of vibration of the vibration plate (10), and the through-hole (30) is located inward of the node (20).

A device includes a high-voltage amplifier to amplify a bursted signal and may couple to a driver circuit to drive a piezoelectric actuator. During the on-time of the bursted signal, a feedback circuit may compensate for non-idealities in the system and may equalize the signal at the actuator and the output of the high-voltage amplifier. During the off-time of the bursted signal, a signal conditioning circuit may sense a difference signal between the signal at the actuator and the signal at the high-voltage amplifier output and may interpret this difference signal as pressure applied to the piezoelectric actuator.

This disclosure relates to a bifunctional fiber that can be used for both haptic feedback and sensing user interaction. Such bifunctional fibers are useful in structural materials, including as elements of wearables or accessories.