A method for producing a porous piezoelectric polymer film with a dense surface, includes depositing a polymer solution onto a substrate to form a polymer film including a solvent; evaporating a portion of the solvent to form the dense surface away from the substrate; forming water droplets in interior of the polymer film; and substantially evaporating the water droplets and remaining solvent to form porous interior. A piezoelectric composition includes a piezoelectric material with a porous interior and a dense surface for interfacing with an electrode. A piezoelectric device includes a first electrode; a porous piezoelectric film with a dense surface and porous interior, wherein the porous piezoelectric film is deposited on the first electrode and the dense surface is away from the first electrode; and a second electrode deposited on the dense surface for, together with the first electrode, providing an electrical interface for the porous piezoelectric film.

Disclosed is a power-generating backlit trim strip for a vehicle, comprising an oscillation system (3, 4; 3, 14), an induction unit (2), a sensor (17) and a control unit (8). The oscillation system (3, 4; 3, 14) includes a movably arranged gyrating mass (3), and the induction unit (2) is used for inductively converting kinetic energy of the gyrating mass (3) into electricity. The sensor (17) is used for determining a frequency of the vehicle vibrations, and the control unit (8) is used for adjusting the resonant frequency of the oscillation system (3, 4; 3, 14) to a determined frequency of the vehicle vibrations.

When frequencies used in the two-frequency measurement of a SAW sensor are represented by f.sub.1 and f.sub.2 (f.sub.2>f.sub.1), an electrical signal processing device is provided without use of oversampling at a frequency higher than twice the frequency f.sub.2 or a two-system low-frequency conversion circuit, in which temperature compensation with the same accuracy as the case where these are used can be realized. Narrow band frequency filtering is applied to a waveform after roundtrips in a delay line type SAW sensor capable of transmitting and receiving multiple frequencies, the two frequencies f.sub.1 and f.sub.2 (f.sub.2>f.sub.1) are extracted, and a delay time is determined utilizing an aliasing obtained by applying undersampling at a frequency lower than twice the frequency f.sub.1.

A method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device that includes a substrate, a piezoelectric layer directly or indirectly supported by the substrate and arranged above the substrate, a heater, and a heater electrode for driving the heater. Moreover, the method includes forming the piezoelectric layer, the heater, and the heater electrode and subjecting the piezoelectric device to heat treatment with heat generated from the heater by driving the heater by feeding electric power to the heater electrode.

A method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device that includes a substrate and a vibration portion that can include a membrane or a beam that is directly or indirectly supported by the substrate and arranged above the substrate. Moreover, the vibration portion includes a piezoelectric layer and the method includes forming the vibration portion and adjusting a resonance frequency of the vibration portion by locally subjecting a region including the vibration portion to heat treatment.

A micro-electro-mechanical system sensor device is disclosed. The sensor device comprises a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) layer, comprising: an actuator layer and a cover layer, wherein a portion of the actuator layer is coupled to the cover layer via a dielectric; and an out-of-plane sense element interposed between the actuator layer and the cover layer, wherein the MEMS device layer is connected to a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) substrate layer via a spring and an anchor.

A packaged module for use in a wireless communication device has a substrate supporting an integrated circuit die that includes at least a microprocessor and radio frequency receiver circuitry and a stacked filter assembly configured as a filter circuit that is in communication with the radio frequency receiver circuitry. The stacked filter assembly includes a plurality of passive components, where each passive component is packaged as a surface mount device. At least one passive component is in direct communication with the substrate and at least another passive component is supported above the substrate by the at least one passive component that is in the direct communication with the substrate.

A vascular graft includes a flexible substrate that can assume an unrolled configuration, in which the substrate extends along a main extension plane, and a rolled-up configuration, in which a first side of the substrate is facing radially inward and a second sideof the substrate is facing radially outward. At least one pressure sensing device is arranged on the first side of the substrate and includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a piezoelectric element arranged between the two electrodes. At least one velocity sensing device is arranged on the first side of the substrate and a first electrode, a second electrode, and a piezoelectric element arranged between the electrodes. The graft can be used in a vascular graft system.

A vibration wave motor includes a driven body, a vibrator including an annular vibration plate and an annular piezoelectric element, and a vibration damping member, which are arranged in sequence, wherein the vibration plate has, on a side facing the driven body, radially extending groove portions at X places, and, when center depths of the groove portions at X places are sequentially denoted by D1 to DX in a circumferential direction, D1 to DX vary along a curve obtained by superposing one or more sine waves, and wherein the vibration plate is locally supported by the vibration damping member in some or all antinode portions of a standing wave occurring when the vibration wave motor is driven.

An energy generating device and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. The energy generating device includes a first electrode, a metal layer, including a regular arrangement of a plurality of patterns, disposed on the first electrode, an organic material layer positioned on the metal layer, and a piezoelectric layer interposed between the first electrode and the organic material layer.