An electroactive device may include (1) an electroactive polymer element having a first surface and a second surface opposing the first surface, (2) a primary electrode abutting the first surface, and (3) a secondary electrode abutting the second surface. The electroactive polymer element may be transformed from an initial state to a deformed state and may achieve substantially uniform strain by the application of an electrostatic field produced by a potential difference between the electrodes. Various other devices, systems, and methods are also disclosed.

A multilayer piezoelectric element includes a ceramic base body, a pair of external electrodes, multiple internal electrodes, and surface electrodes. The pair of external electrodes cover a pair of end faces and extend from the pair of end faces along a pair of principal faces and a pair of side faces. The multiple internal electrodes are stacked inside the ceramic base body along the thickness direction, and are connected alternately to one or the other of the pair of external electrodes along the thickness direction. The surface electrodes extend from the pair of external electrodes along the pair of principal faces, and are each divided in the longitudinal direction at a position near, of the pair of external electrodes, the external electrode to which the internal electrode adjacent to the principal face is connected.

An electronic component has a main body. The main body includes a porous material having surface pores at a surface of the main body. A passivation liquid is arranged in the surface pores. A method of forming an electronic component is also disclosed as is a method of passivating a body.

There are provided a piezoelectric body of ytterbium-doped aluminum nitride, having a greater piezoelectric coefficient d.sub.33 or g.sub.33 than those not doped with ytterbium, and a MEMS device using the piezoelectric body. The piezoelectric body is represented by a chemical formula Al.sub.1-xYb.sub.xN where a value of x is more than 0 and less than 0.37 and having a lattice constant ratio c/a in a range of 1.53 or more and less than 1.6. The piezoelectric body with such a configuration has a greater piezoelectric coefficient d.sub.33 or g.sub.33 than those not doped with ytterbium.

A piezoelectric fiber composite and a magnetoelectric laminate composite including the same are disclosed. The piezoelectric fiber composite includes a first protective layer having a first electrode, a second protective layer having a second electrode, and a piezoelectric fiber layer formed between the first and the second electrode and having piezoelectric fibers arranged in the longitudinal direction of the composite, wherein the piezoelectric fibers include a single-crystal piezoelectric material and are configured such that a <011> direction of the single crystal is identical to a thickness direction of the composite and a <001> direction of the single crystal is identical to a longitudinal direction of the composite, thus exhibiting superior piezoelectric strain properties and sensing properties. Also, the magnetoelectric laminate composite includes the piezoelectric fiber composite and a magnetostrictive layer including a magnetostrictive material such as nickel (Ni) or Metglas (FeBSi alloy), thus ensuring significantly improved magnetoelectric properties.

Technologies are generally described for generating electrical power from piezoelectric power. Example devices/systems described herein may use one or more of a piezoelectric device, a plurality of solid particles, and/or a container. In various examples, an electrical power generator apparatus is described, where the apparatus may be configured to provide an electrical signal upon application of a mechanical stress to the piezoelectric device. Some example apparatus may also be configured to contain the plurality of solid particles in the container, which may be coupled to at least a portion of a surface of the piezoelectric device. When a mechanical force is exerted on the plurality of solid particles, the plurality of solid particles may be effective to receive at least a portion of the mechanical force and responsively apply the mechanical stress to the piezoelectric device.

According to one embodiment, a liquid discharge head includes a flexible printed circuit (FPC) connected to piezoelectric elements. The FPC has a first end in the first direction. A wiring layer of the FPC has a first region at the first end and a cover layer covering on a second region. The piezoelectric elements are spaced from each other in a second direction and each has a first electrode on a side surface facing towards the FPC. The first side has a joint surface facing the first region of the wiring layer. The first electrode is electrically connected to the wiring layer at the joint surface. The side surface includes a step portion that is recessed from the joint surface. A portion of the cover layer protrudes into a space adjacent to the step portion.

A micromachined tunable capacitor. A pair of first and second MEMS fabricated flexures are flexibly coupled to a piezo actuator drive element configured wherein a stress or strain induced by the piezo actuator drive element urges a first movable capacitor plate element a predetermined distance toward or away from a second capacitor plate element proportional to a predetermined voltage signal.

In the oscillator, a quartz crystal resonator and an oscillation circuit formed in an IC incorporating an inductor are electrically coupled to each other with a resonator interconnection disposed on a surface of a substrate to form an oscillation loop. A conductor layer disposed as an intermediate layer of the substrate is disposed so as to overlap the resonator interconnection and not to overlap the inductor incorporated in the IC in a plan view.

The present invention relates to a piezoelectric driving device 10 capable of moving the movable member 14 along the axis direction engaged in a movable manner to the axial direction with respect to the shaft 16. A pair of the external electrodes 26 and 27 respectively comprises the first external connection part 26a and the second external connection part 27a formed at the lower end face in Z axis direction by being insulated against each other. At the opposing face of the weight member 30 facing against the lower end face of the element 20, the first circuit pattern 36 and the second circuit pattern 37 are formed by being insulated against each other; and the first circuit pattern 36 and the second circuit pattern 37 are respectively connected to the first external connection part 26 and the second external connection part 27 by a metal bonding.