The invention provides a hydrogel network comprising a plurality of hydrogel objects, wherein each of said hydrogel objects comprises: a hydrogel body, and an outer layer of amphipathic molecules, on at least part of the surface of the hydrogel body, wherein each of said hydrogel objects contacts another of said hydrogel objects to form an interface between the contacting hydrogel objects. A process for producing the hydrogel networks is also provided. The invention also provides an electrochemical circuit and a hydrogel component for mechanical devices comprising a hydrogel network. Various uses of the hydrogel network are also described, including their use in synthetic biology and as components in electrochemical circuits and mechanical devices.

An electrical system that includes a power source, a load, and an electrical connection operable to conduct electricity between the power source and the load, the electrical connection including an outer casing comprising a non-conducting material, and a material disposed within the outer casing, wherein the material is electrically conductive, the material including a boron-containing material and metal oxide nanoparticles, wherein the electrical connection includes a wire or cable.

Provided are a micro-nano wire manufacturing device and a micro-nano structure. The micro-nano wire manufacturing device includes a liquid-phase nanomaterial storage device and a micro-nano wire applying mechanism. The liquid-phase nanomaterial storage device is provided with a liquid outlet. The micro-nano wire applying mechanism is provided in one-to-one correspondence with the liquid outlet. The micro-nano wire applying mechanism includes at least two flexible wires. The roots of the flexible wires are secured to the liquid-phase nanomaterial storage device. One ends of the two flexible wires hang down to a substrate and abut against each other. The range of the angle between the projections of the two flexible wires on the substrate is 1 to 5.

A coolant flow path-attached conductive member includes a first component that has one of divided shapes obtained by dividing a band plate member having an internal flow path that allows a coolant to pass at least in a length direction thereof, the first component being made of a conductive metal, one end side of the first component being connected to a component terminal of a predetermined electric/electronic component, the other end side being connected to an electrical connection target of the electric/electronic component, a second component that has the other of the divided shapes and that is combined with the first component to constitute the band plate member, and a pair of coolant ports provided on the band plate member to allow the coolant to flow through the internal flow path of the band plate member constituted by combining the first component and the second component.

An electrical system that includes a power source, a load, and an electrical connection operable to conduct electricity between the power source and the load, the electrical connection including an outer casing comprising a non-conducting material, and a material disposed within the outer casing, wherein the material is electrically conductive, the material including a boron-containing material and metal oxide nanoparticles, wherein the electrical connection includes a wire or cable.

Transparent structures containing a transparent electrically conductive fluid are used for aesthetically appealing designs and/or improved fatigue performance. Some structures have multiple isolated conductors while others have a single conductive area that may be used as a transparent antenna or a transparent EMI shield. Other embodiments employ fluids that change crystalline structure under an applied voltage such that a structure can change color and/or display a message.

An elastically deformable electrode that includes a plurality of electrode elements spaced from each other, and a liquid wire which is a liquid conductor configured to electrically connect the plurality of electrode elements. The electrode may also include a solid wire sealing the liquid wire, and an insulator between the solid wire and the plurality of electrode elements.

Systems, structures, and methods include a structure formed from a plurality of layers of matrix material. A bus is secured between adjacent layers of the plurality of layers of the matrix material. The bus includes a conductive gel configured to propagate an electrical signal through the structure.

A composition that includes a mixture of a boron-containing material and metal oxide nanoparticles in a liquid, the mixture includes the boron-containing material at a percent by weight in a range from 45% to 60%, the metal oxide nanoparticles at a percent by weight in a range from 12% to 18%, and the liquid at a percent by weight in a range from 30% to 34%, wherein the composition may be adaptable as a protective coating material.