A heating and/or cooling device for a solid or for a fluid stream includes a carrier part formed of plastic, in which an electrical heating and/or cooling element is embedded and held. A metallic distributor element is in contact with the heating and/or cooling element. At least one terminal contact and an electrical strip conductor, which connects the terminal contact to the heating and/or cooling element, are provided. The heating and/or cooling element are prefabricated and are connected to the carrier part formed of plastic by an injection molding process. Electrical strip conductors are prepared for connecting the heating and cooling element by a metal injection molding process or metal casting process.

A positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heater is disclosed. In an embodiment the PTC heater includes a main body having a length L, a width B, and a height H made of a PTC material and a first electrode and a second electrode made of an electrically conductive material, wherein the following is true for L, B, and H: LBH, and wherein the electrodes are connected to the main body so that the following is true for a spacing d thereof from one another: d>H.

A PTC heating module for heating a fluid may include at least one first electrically conductive contact electrode and at least one second electrically conductive contact electrode arranged spaced apart from each other, at least one insulator layer attached to the at least one first contact electrode and the at least one second contact electrode, and at least one PTC thermistor element having a thickness. The at least one PTC thermistor element may have a first main surface and a second main surface disposed opposite each other relative to the thickness. The at least one first contact electrode may be in contact with a contact area of the first main surface and the at least one second contact electrode may be in contact with a contact area of the second main surface. At least one of a clearance distance and a creepage distance may be greater than the thickness.

A PTC heating module for heating a fluid may include two contact plates between which at least one cuboid PTC thermistor is arranged and at least one contact socket with a contact side. The PTC thermistor may have two main sides disposed opposite each other and defining a thermistor thickness therebetween. The contact side of the at least one contact socket may rest against a first main side of the at least one PTC thermistor and another side may rest against a first contact plate. A geometric contact surface between the first main side and the contact side of the at least one contact socket may be smaller than a geometric surface of the first main side. A clearance distance extending between the two contact plates and a creapage distance extending from the at least one contact socket to a second contact plate may be larger than the thermistor thickness.

An electronic component includes a ceramic body, and an external electrode on the ceramic body, the external electrode includes a base layer continuously covering an end surface of the ceramic body and a portion of a side surface bordering the end surface, and a plating layer covering the base layer, the ceramic body includes a recess open on the side surface, an opening of the recess includes a pair of edges, one edge of the opening is located within a covered region on the side surface covered with the base layer, and the other edge of the opening is spaced away from the covered region.

A circuit protection device includes a first temperature sensitive resistor, a second temperature sensitive resistor, an electrically insulating multilayer, a first and second electrode layer, and at least one external electrode. The first temperature sensitive resistor and the second temperature sensitive resistor are electrically connected in parallel, and have a first upper electrically conductive layer and a second lower electrically conductive layer, respectively. The electrically insulating multilayer includes an upper insulating layer, a middle insulating layer, and a lower insulating layer. The upper insulating layer is between the first upper electrically conductive layer and the first electrode layer. The middle layer is laminated between the first temperature sensitive resistor and the second temperature sensitive resistor. The lower insulating layer is between the second lower electrically conductive layer and the second electrode layer. The external electrode is disposed on the first electrode layer, and extends beyond a peripheral wall along a horizontal direction.

A resistance heater may include a polymer positive temperature coefficient (PPTC) material, arranged in a PPTC body defining a heater main surface. The PPTC material may include a polymer matrix, the polymer matrix defining the PPTC body, and a graphene filler component, disposed in the polymer matrix. The resistance heater may include an electrode assembly, comprising a first electrode and a second electrode arranged in contact with the heater body at two or more locations, a first lead, connected to the first electrode, and a second lead, connected to the second electrode. As such, the electrode assembly may define a current path between the first lead and the second lead, the current path comprising a first portion, extending along the heater main surface, and a second portion, extending through the heater body.

In an embodiment, a component includes a first electrode and a second electrode arranged one above the other in a stacking direction, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode overlap in a first overlap region, wherein the first electrode has, in a first region containing the first overlap region, an extent in a first direction perpendicular to the stacking direction that is greater than an extent of the second electrode in the first direction in the first region, and wherein the first electrode has, in the first region containing the first overlap region, an extent in a second direction perpendicular to the stacking direction and to the first direction that is greater than an extent of the second electrode in the second direction in the first region, and a third electrode arranged in the same plane as the second electrode, wherein the first electrode is a floating electrode, wherein the first electrode and the third electrode overlap in a second overlap region, wherein the first electrode has, in a second region that contains the second overlap region, extents in the first direction and in the second direction that are greater than the extents of the third electrode in the first and the second direction in the second region, and wherein the first electrode has, in a connecting region that connects the first region and the second region, an extent in the first direction that is smaller than the extent of the first electrode in the first region and smaller than the extent of the first electrode in the second region.

The present invention provides an apparatus having a protecting element for protecting the apparatus in an emergency, wherein the protecting element is a polymer PTC element, the polymer PTC element has a polymer PTC member, and the polymer PTC member is formed from a polymer composition containing a polyvinylidene fluoride as a main component.

A temperature sensor element has such a structure as, when reinforcing lead wires on internal electrodes with a paste, one side surface of each of the lead wires is covered with a reinforcement paste and the other side surface is not covered with the reinforcement paste without covering the entire lead wires welded and connected to the internal electrodes. This allows elimination of cause of cracks generating, thereby securing sufficient joining strength and reinforcement of conductivity of the internal electrodes and the lead wires, and securing connection strength between the lead wires and the internal electrodes.