Disclosed are methods and apparatus for determining analyte concentration in a sample such as bodily fluid. Systems and methods disclosed herein can also include a treatment dosing system to infuse or inject a treatment drug (e.g., insulin or glucose) and provide glycemic control. The dose of the treatment drug may be based on the concentration of the analyte or the average value for the concentration of the analyte and/or the rate of change of the value of the concentration of the analyte.

Drip chamber inserts including an elongate body portion for coupling to a drip chamber and including an outlet orifice of the drip chamber insert. The drip chamber inserts may further include first and second chambers, the first chamber may be disposed in the elongate body portion and fluidly coupled to an inlet orifice and to the outlet orifice. An anti-run-dry membrane may extend over the inlet orifice. The second chamber may be disposed in the elongate body portion, and a low flowrate orifice may extend from a base of the second chamber into a base portion for fluidly coupling the second chamber with the outlet orifice.

Keep vein open (KVO) infusion flow control devices are provided. The KVO infusion flow control device couples to intravenous (IV) tubing and includes a flow controller that provides a full open fluid flow rate through an outlet portion of the IV tubing when the flow controller is in an open position, and a KVO fluid flow rate through the outlet portion of the IV tubing when the flow controller is in a KVO position. Visual indicators are disposed on the KVO infusion flow control device.

Keep vein open (KVO) infusion flow control devices are provided to include a full flow tube coupled at one end to an inlet tube connector and coupled at another end to an outlet tube connector, a KVO flow tube coupled at one end to the inlet tube connector and coupled at another end to the outlet tube connector, and a flow controller coupled to the full flow tube, wherein the KVO flow tube is configured to always provide some fluid flow. Additional KVO infusion control devices are also provided.

Disclosed are methods and apparatuses for determining analyte concentration in a sample such as bodily fluid. Systems and methods disclosed herein can also include a treatment dosing system to infuse or inject a treatment dose (e.g. insulin, dextrose, etc.) and provide glycemic control. The dose of the treatment drug may be based on the patient's calculated sensitivity to treatment dosing, for example. The dose of the treatment drug may be based on the concentration of the analyte or the average value for the concentration of the analyte and/or the rate of change of the value of the concentration of the analyte. Delivery of the treatment drug can be cut off if the determined analyte concentration indicates that continued delivery would be harmful to the patient.

Disclosed are methods and apparatus for determining analyte concentration in a sample such as bodily fluid. Systems and methods disclosed herein can also include a treatment dosing system to infuse or inject a treatment drug (e.g., insulin or glucose) and provide glycemic control. The dose of the treatment drug may be based on the concentration of the analyte or the average value for the concentration of the analyte and/or the rate of change of the value of the concentration of the analyte.