An electrolytic capacitor includes a capacitor element that includes a porous anode body including an anode base body and a dielectric layer formed on a surface of the anode base body, and a solid electrolyte layer that covers at least a part of the dielectric layer. The anode body includes a plurality of principal surfaces, and at least a part of a surface layer of at least one principal surface of the plurality of principal surfaces of the anode body is denser than an inside of the anode body.

A wet electrolytic capacitor that contains a casing that contains a cylindrical sidewall is provided. The cylindrical sidewall defines an inner surface that surrounds an interior. First and second outer anodes are positioned within the interior of the casing. The first outer anode has a radiused sidewall and an opposing planar sidewall and the second outer anode has a radiused sidewall and an opposing planar sidewall. A central anode is also positioned within the interior of the casing between the first and second outer anodes. The central anode contains opposing first and second outer sidewalls intersecting with opposing first and second inner sidewalls. The first and second inner sidewalls are planar, and the first planar inner sidewall of the central anode faces the planar sidewall of the first outer anode and the second planar inner sidewall of the central anode faces the planar sidewall of the second outer anode.

A wet electrolytic capacitor that contains a casing that contains a sidewall extending to an upper end to define an opening is provided. The sidewall further defines an inner surface that surrounds an interior. At least one anode and at least one cathode are positioned within the interior of the casing, wherein the cathode contains an electrochemically-active material and further wherein an anode lead extends from the anode. A working electrolyte is in electrical contact with the anode and the electrochemically-active material. The capacitor also comprises a lid assembly that contains a lid positioned on an upper end of the casing sidewall, wherein the lid defines an orifice through which a tube extends. The tube accommodates the anode lead that extends from the anode. A dielectric layer is formed on a surface of the tube.

A wet electrolytic capacitor that contains a casing that contains a sidewall extending to an upper end to define an opening is provided. The sidewall further defines an inner surface that surrounds an interior. At least one anode and at least one cathode are positioned within the interior of the casing, wherein the cathode contains an electrochemically-active material and further wherein an anode lead extends from the anode. A working electrolyte is in electrical contact with the anode and the electrochemically-active material. The capacitor also comprises a lid assembly that contains a lid positioned on an upper end of the casing sidewall, wherein the lid defines an orifice through which a tube extends. The tube accommodates the anode lead that extends from the anode. A dielectric layer is formed on a surface of the tube.

A solid electrolytic capacitor that includes a capacitor element including an anode portion having a metal layer, a dielectric layer, and a cathode portion having a solid electrolyte layer and a current collector layer; a leading conductor layer; an insulating resin body covering the capacitor element and the leading conductor layer, the insulating resin body having a first end surface and a second end surface opposite to each other; a first external electrode; and a second external electrode. The first external electrode has at least one plating layer on the first end surface, and is connected to the leading conductor layer at the first end surface. The second external electrode has at least one plating layer on the second end surface, and is connected to the metal layer at the second end surface.

A solid electrolytic capacitor that includes a capacitor element including an anode portion having a metal layer, a dielectric layer, and a cathode portion having a solid electrolyte layer and a current collector layer; a leading conductor layer; an insulating resin body covering the capacitor element and the leading conductor layer, the insulating resin body having a first end surface and a second end surface opposite to each other; a first external electrode; and a second external electrode. The first external electrode has at least one plating layer on the first end surface, and is connected to the leading conductor layer at the first end surface. The second external electrode has at least one plating layer on the second end surface, and is connected to the metal layer at the second end surface.

Provided is a three-dimensional (3D) capacitor including conductors formed at a high density inside holes of an anodic oxide film, and a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer electrically connected to the conductors. Thus, a high capacitance relative to a size of the 3D capacitor may be easily achieved.

Fabricating a capacitor includes performing an oxide formation operation on a sheet of material. The oxide formation operation forms an anode metal oxide on an anode metal. A thermal compression is performed on the sheet of material after the oxide formation operation is performed. The thermal compression applies thermal energy to the sheet of material while applying pressure to the sheet of material. After the thermal compression, the capacitor is assembled such that at least one electrode in the capacitor includes at least a portion of the sheet of material.

A three-dimensional electrode array for use in electrochemical cells, fuel cells, capacitors, supercapacitors, flow batteries, metal-air batteries and semi-solid batteries.

A three-dimensional electrode array for use in electrochemical cells, fuel cells, capacitors, supercapacitors, flow batteries, metal-air batteries and semi-solid batteries.