Amphiphilic co-polymer lipid particle has a core comprising a chlorophyll pigment-protein complex or a bacteriochlorophyll pigment-protein complex within an annulus of membrane lipids, and an outermost layer of amphiphilic co-polymer surrounding an outermost surface of the membrane lipids. Such lipid particles are made by isolating photosynthetic membrane to form isolated photosynthetic membrane, adjusting the chlorophyll concentration of the isolated photosynthetic membrane, and solubilizing the isolated photosynthetic membranes in an amphiphilic co-polymer for a preselected time period that allows amphiphilic co-polymer lipid particles to form. The amphiphilic co-polymer lipid particles form a layer between a cathode and an anode in a photo-electrical energy generating device, and methods of making the same, including a layer of detergent micelles encapsulating lipid proteins rather than amphiphilic co-polymer lipid particles.

An ionic liquid (IL)-containing perovskite precursor composition includes perovskite precursors; and a salt of a cationic imidazole derivative in which at least one of the two nitrogen atoms in the imidazole ring is linked to a carbon chain bearing a cyano (—C≡N) group. A perovskite solar cell with high stability includes a layer constituted by a perovskite film formed using the perovskite precursor composition.

The present invention provides compositions comprising a metal oxide electrode, a passivating agent on its surface, and a hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite active layer in contact with the metal oxide electrode surface. The presence of a passivating agent on the metal oxide surface increases stability and/or photovoltaic power conversion efficiency of the electronic component comprising a composition of the invention.

A dye-sensitized solar cell having a porous conductive powder layer, which layer is formed by: deposition of a deposit comprising metal hydride particles onto a substrate; heating the deposit in a subsequent heating step in order to decompose the metal hydride particles to metal particles; and sinter said metal particles for forming a porous conductive powder layer.

A solar cell having high conversion efficiency is provided. A solar cell of the present disclosure includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a photoelectric conversion layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a first electron transport layer disposed between the first electrode and the photoelectric conversion layer. At least one electrode selected from the group consisting of the first electrode and the second electrode has translucency. The photoelectric conversion layer includes a perovskite compound containing a monovalent cation, a Sn cation and a halogen anion. The first electron transport layer includes porous niobium oxide.

A photochemical electrode includes: an electrically conductive layer; and a photoexcitation material layer provided over the electrically conductive layer and including a photoexcitation material, wherein the photoexcitation material layer is one of a first photoexcitation material layer in which a potential of the conduction band minimum decreases from a second surface opposite to a first surface on the side of the electrically conductive layer toward the first surface and a second photoexcitation material layer in which a potential of the valence band maximum decreases from the second surface toward the first surface.

A method for manufacturing a perovskite solar cell, includes disposing an electron transport layer on a transparent conductive substrate, disposing an additive-doped perovskite light absorption layer on the electron transport layer, disposing a hole transport layer on the additive-doped perovskite light absorption layer, and disposing an electrode on the hole transport layer. The disposing of the additive-doped perovskite light absorption layer includes adding an additive having hydrophobicity to a perovskite precursor solution, and applying the additive-added perovskite precursor solution onto the electron transport layer to form the additive-doped perovskite light absorption layer.

A semiconductor substrate has a first surface and a second surface which is opposite to the first surface. A photoelectric conversion portion has a PN junction configured with first and second semiconductor regions of different conductivity types. A buried portion is buried in the semiconductor substrate and includes an electrode and a dielectric member located between the electrode and the semiconductor substrate and in contact with the second semiconductor region. The second semiconductor region is located in a position deeper than the first semiconductor region. The buried portion is located to extend from a first surface to a position deeper than the first semiconductor region. Electric potentials are supplied to the first semiconductor region, the second semiconductor region, and the electrode in such a manner that an inversion layer occurring between the electrode and the second semiconductor region and the first semiconductor region are in contact with each other.

A method for preparing a perovskite cell with multiple hole transport layers is described. The method includes a process of forming the multiple hole transport layers, where the process of forming the multiple hole transport layers includes the following steps: (1) sputtering a nickel oxide target material in a first atmosphere to form a first hole transport layer, where the first atmosphere contains argon and oxygen, and a volume ratio of the argon to the oxygen is approximately 0:1 to 1.5: 1; (2) performing annealing treatment on the first hole transport layer; and (3) sputtering the nickel oxide target material onto the first hole transport layer subjected to the annealing treatment in a second atmosphere to form a second hole transport layer, where the second atmosphere contains argon-containing gas and oxygen. A perovskite cell (100) with multiple hole transport layers prepared by using the above method is described.

Various perovskite solar cell embodiments include a flexible metal substrate (e.g., including a metal doped TiO2 layer), a perovskite layer, and a transparent electrode layer (e.g., including a dielectric/metal/dielectric structure), wherein the perovskite layer is provided between the flexible metal substrate and the transparent electrode layer. Also, various tandem solar cell embodiments including a perovskite solar cell and either a quantum dot solar cell, and organic solar cell or a thin film solar cell.