A system which in some embodiments comprises a wireless smart device assembly that includes a smart device, wherein the smart device assembly is attachable or mountable against an unopened surface of a wall or other structure. In some embodiments, a system comprises a smart device assembly that includes a smart device; and a fastener that includes adhesive and is coupled to the smart device assembly and releasably attachable to a wall or other structure. Some embodiments include a level indicator configured to indicate the angular position or orientation of one or more other portion of the smart device assembly relative to parallel and/or plumb to the force of gravity. In some embodiments, a mount and/or a cover define a catch to releasably attach the cover to the mount.

A system which in some embodiments comprises a wireless smart device assembly that includes a smart device, wherein the smart device assembly is attachable or mountable against an unopened surface of a wall or other structure. In some embodiments, a system comprises a smart device assembly that includes a smart device; and a fastener that includes adhesive and is coupled to the smart device assembly and releasably attachable to a wall or other structure. Some embodiments include a level indicator configured to indicate the angular position or orientation of one or more other portion of the smart device assembly relative to parallel and/or plumb to the force of gravity. In some embodiments, a mount and/or a cover define a catch to releasably attach the cover to the mount.

An electromagnetic relay includes a fixed contact module including a fixed contact, a movable contact module including a movable contact disposed to face the fixed contact, an armature formed of a magnetic material and configured to move the movable contact module to bring the movable contact into and out of contact with the fixed contact, and an electromagnet configured to generate a magnetic field to move the armature. At least one of the fixed contact module and the movable contact module includes a joint at which different components are joined by riveting, and a film with a thermal conductivity higher than, the thermal conductivity of the fixed contact module and the movable contact module is formed on at least one of the fixed contact module and the movable contact module including the joint.

A contact mechanism includes an opening/closing fixed contact, an opening/closing movable contact opposed to the opening/closing fixed contact, and a permanent magnet configured to extend an arc that occurs between the opening/closing fixed contact and the opening/closing movable contact in a predetermined direction. In particular, an arc that occurs from contact surface regions where the opening/closing fixed contact and the opening/closing movable contact make contact with each other is extended by a magnetic force of the permanent magnet and moved to non-contact surface regions where the opening/closing fixed contact and the opening/closing movable contact make no contact with each other.

A contact mechanism includes an opening/closing fixed contact, an opening/closing movable contact opposed to the opening/closing fixed contact, and a permanent magnet configured to extend an arc that occurs between the opening/closing fixed contact and the opening/closing movable contact in a predetermined direction. In particular, an arc that occurs from contact surface regions where the opening/closing fixed contact and the opening/closing movable contact make contact with each other is extended by a magnetic force of the permanent magnet and moved to non-contact surface regions where the opening/closing fixed contact and the opening/closing movable contact make no contact with each other.

A flexible touch screen panel includes a substrate having flexibility, sensing electrodes on at least one surface of the substrate, and implemented using an opaque conductive metal, and a polarizing plate on the substrate having the sensing electrodes formed thereon. The sensing electrodes may be implemented in a mesh shape having a plurality of openings.

A flexible touch screen panel includes a substrate having flexibility, sensing electrodes on at least one surface of the substrate, and implemented using an opaque conductive metal, and a polarizing plate on the substrate having the sensing electrodes formed thereon. The sensing electrodes may be implemented in a mesh shape having a plurality of openings.

A method of forming at least one Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) includes patterning a wiring layer to form at least one fixed plate and forming a sacrificial material on the wiring layer. The method further includes forming an insulator layer of one or more films over the at least one fixed plate and exposed portions of an underlying substrate to prevent formation of a reaction product between the wiring layer and a sacrificial material. The method further includes forming at least one MEMS beam that is moveable over the at least one fixed plate. The method further includes venting or stripping of the sacrificial material to form at least a first cavity.

The switch case includes a metal plate having a first surface and a second surface that is at a side opposite to the first surface, and a resin case embedding a part of the metal plate. The resin case includes a housing portion having an opening formed on a surface of the resin case. The metal plate includes a terminal portion, a contact portion, and an intermediate portion positioned between the terminal portion and the contact portion. The terminal portion is exposed from the surface of the resin case, and the intermediate portion is embedded in the resin case. The intermediate portion is provided with at least one through-hole penetrating the first surface and the second surface. The contact portion includes a part of the first surface exposed to the housing portion of the resin case. In the at least one through-hole, the hole diameter of the at least one through-hole at the second surface is larger than the hole diameter of the at least one through-hole at the first surface.

Twin bar (electro)magnets with the North poles facing each other generate magnetic field lines converging into the middle, providing a space to place plasma cloud in magnetic confinement for thermonuclear fusion experiments. Source materials are injected through nozzles connected to axial pipes, and end products are taken out at the periphery of the reaction chamber. In ion separation, the source materials are injected at the periphery of the reaction chamber causing rapid rotation, and ions are attracted by electric potentials applied to the chamber walls. Naturally separated ions are expelled through the axial output pipes. The proposed apparatus for ion separation provides inexpensive means for producing massive volumes of hydrogen and oxygen gases. Use of hydrogen fuel can reduce consumption of carbon fuels, easing the global problem of rising temperature due to emission of CO.sub.2 gases.