An apparatus includes: a shaft rotatable to a plurality of predetermined positions to change a state of an electric switching device; a motor rotating the shaft via a transmission mechanism when the apparatus operates in an electric operating mode; a braking mechanism configured to brake the motor in response to the shaft rotated to each position when operating in the electric operating mode; a disc coupled to, and rotatable with the shaft, and comprising a plurality of blocking parts and slots therebetween; and a manual lever comprising a rotatable part and a projecting part arranged at an end thereto, wherein in an apparatus manual operating mode, the projecting part is rotatable into the disc via one of the slots when the shaft is located at one of the positions, and slides out from the disc via another slot when the shaft is rotated to another one of the positions.

An apparatus includes: a shaft rotatable to a plurality of predetermined positions to change a state of an electric switching device; a motor rotating the shaft via a transmission mechanism when the apparatus operates in an electric operating mode; a braking mechanism configured to brake the motor in response to the shaft rotated to each position when operating in the electric operating mode; a disc coupled to, and rotatable with the shaft, and comprising a plurality of blocking parts and slots therebetween; and a manual lever comprising a rotatable part and a projecting part arranged at an end thereto, wherein in an apparatus manual operating mode, the projecting part is rotatable into the disc via one of the slots when the shaft is located at one of the positions, and slides out from the disc via another slot when the shaft is rotated to another one of the positions.

A group-operated switching system for multi-phase electrical transmission lines including a number of inline axial switches for opening and closing circuits to control electrical flow through the transmission lines. The switches include axially mounted load break vacuum interrupters and are mechanically and electrically isolated from each other and from a control box. The control box communicates with the inline switches via RF communications. Power for the switch electronics and operations can be provided from line power, a battery, or a capacitive source.

A group-operated switching system for multi-phase electrical transmission lines including a number of inline axial switches for opening and closing circuits to control electrical flow through the transmission lines. The switches include axially mounted load break vacuum interrupters and are mechanically and electrically isolated from each other and from a control box. The control box communicates with the inline switches via RF communications. Power for the switch electronics and operations can be provided from line power, a battery, or a capacitive source.

An ultra-low or very low frequency communication device composed of: a circuit unit operative to produce an alternating current; and a dipole antenna connected to receive the alternating current and to convert the alternating current into electromagnetic radiation. The antenna is composed of an unshielded radiating conductor and a shielded return conductor connected in series with the radiating conductor, and the return conductor is shielded by a Faraday shield such as a collisionless plasma column that surrounds the return conductor to prevent any electromagnetic radiation from the return conductor.

An ultra-low or very low frequency communication device composed of: a circuit unit operative to produce an alternating current; and a dipole antenna connected to receive the alternating current and to convert the alternating current into electromagnetic radiation. The antenna is composed of an unshielded radiating conductor and a shielded return conductor connected in series with the radiating conductor, and the return conductor is shielded by a Faraday shield such as a collisionless plasma column that surrounds the return conductor to prevent any electromagnetic radiation from the return conductor.

The present invention relates to resiliency in photovoltaically produced power generation and utilization. This invention comprises a system of elements that combine to minimize the cost and complexity of a backup-capable solar power system. An element of this system is a prior-art balancer-based photovoltaic panel power optimizer whose power electronics are time-shared to allow an array of battery modules to power or provide supplemental or surge power to an inverter. Further elements of the system provide for rapid and low-cost installation, reliability, and easy and safe maintenance.

The present invention relates to resiliency in photovoltaically produced power generation and utilization. This invention comprises a system of elements that combine to minimize the cost and complexity of a backup-capable solar power system. An element of this system is a prior-art balancer-based photovoltaic panel power optimizer whose power electronics are time-shared to allow an array of battery modules to power or provide supplemental or surge power to an inverter. Further elements of the system provide for rapid and low-cost installation, reliability, and easy and safe maintenance.

A device for actuating a rotating shaft selected from a plurality of parallel rotating shafts, comprising a driving shaft supported and actuated by corresponding rotation means, which is provided with a driving gear for the transmission of torque, a plurality of driven shafts each one of which is provided with a corresponding driven gear that is designed to be meshed with the driving gear, the driven gears being arranged on the respective driven shaft in an axial position that is offset with respect to the other driven gears, the driving gear being capable of performing a translational movement axially with means of translational motion for alternate meshing with one of the driven gears, the device further comprising means of prevention of rotation for the driven shafts whose driven gear is not meshed with the driving gear.

A device for actuating a rotating shaft selected from a plurality of parallel rotating shafts, comprising a driving shaft supported and actuated by corresponding rotation means, which is provided with a driving gear for the transmission of torque, a plurality of driven shafts each one of which is provided with a corresponding driven gear that is designed to be meshed with the driving gear, the driven gears being arranged on the respective driven shaft in an axial position that is offset with respect to the other driven gears, the driving gear being capable of performing a translational movement axially with means of translational motion for alternate meshing with one of the driven gears, the device further comprising means of prevention of rotation for the driven shafts whose driven gear is not meshed with the driving gear.