Disclosed are devices and methods for optimizing a protective helmet or other item of protective clothing with one or more enhanced principal impact zones and/or impact elements that incorporate protective features that can be particularized to a specific player-position and/or the individual behavior of a specific player or wearer.

Disclosed are devices and methods for optimizing a protective helmet or other item of protective clothing with one or more enhanced principal impact zones and/or impact elements that incorporate protective features that can be particularized to a specific player-position and/or the individual behavior of a specific player or wearer.

Aspects of the present disclosure provide a helmet including customized helmet layers and corresponding methods of construction. In one aspect, a method comprises capturing a 3D image of a head corresponding to the head of an individual, and rendering a 3D headform based on the 3D image. A lining layer is formed, which includes a geometry corresponding to the 3D headform and the inner surface of the shell layer such that an inner surface of the lining layer conforms to the shape of a corresponding portion of the 3D headform. An outer surface of the lining layer further conforms to the shape of a corresponding portion of an inner surface of a shell layer. Another aspect of the method comprises forming a shell layer such that the shell layer includes a geometry corresponding to the shape of a portion of the 3D headform.

Protective gear such as a helmet includes multiple shell layers connected through energy and impact transformer layers. The energy and impact transformer layers may include conical structures used to dissipate mechanical energy applied to an outer shell layer while allowing an outer shell layer the ability to rotate with respect to a middle or inner shell layer. The conical structures may be three dimensional pyramids, three dimensional parabolic structures, and may be outwardly or inwardly oriented.

A method for adjusting the comfort level of a helmet includes the steps of acquiring head shape data by measuring a three-dimensional shape of a head of a wearer of a helmet, inputting inner surface shape data showing a three-dimensional shape of a helmet inner surface, acquiring space information showing a space between the head and the helmet inner surface on the basis of the head shape data and the inner surface shape data, and displaying additional images showing the space information on a display part by superimposing the additional images on i) a shape image showing the inner surface shape data or ii) the shape image showing the head shape data and the inner surface shape data.

Aspects of the present disclosure provide a helmet including customized helmet layers and corresponding methods of construction. In one aspect, a method comprises capturing a 3D image of a head corresponding to the head of an individual, and rendering a 3D headform based on the 3D image. A lining layer is formed, which includes a geometry corresponding to the 3D headform and the inner surface of the shell layer such that an inner surface of the lining layer conforms to the shape of a corresponding portion of the 3D headform. An outer surface of the lining layer further conforms to the shape of a corresponding portion of an inner surface of a shell layer. Another aspect of the method comprises forming a shell layer such that the shell layer includes a geometry corresponding to the shape of a portion of the 3D headform.

A device (e.g., an article of athletic gear) comprising a post-molded expandable component, which is a part of the device that is configured to be expanded or has been expanded after being molded. This may allow the post-molded expandable component to have enhanced characteristics (e.g., be more shock-absorbent, lighter, etc.), to be cost-effectively manufactured (e.g., by using less material and/or making it in various sizes), and/or to be customized for a user (e.g., by custom-fitting it to the user).

In a method for adapting a thermally deformable item of clothing to a body part, the item is at least partially heated and brought into contact with an abutment region and the appropriate body part. The item of clothing has a side which, in the use position, is directed towards the body and a side which, in the use position, is directed away from the body. At least one pressure-exerting unit subjects that side of the item of clothing which is directed away from the body, at least in part, to a shaping pressure such that the at least partially heated item of clothing is adapted, at least in part, to the shape of the part of the body. The item of clothing is at least partially cooled by a cooling unit such that it is stabilized in the shape adapted to the part of the body.

A method for protecting the human head during and after an impact. This is accomplished by fabricating a layer of material that fits precisely on each individual wearer's head, and yet is so rigid that upon impact, the head will not be allowed to significantly change shape or volume, even temporarily. The structure and properties of this protective layer can be easily adapted to most helmet designs. The preferred method of forming this protective layer is to map each wearer's head shape with laser scanning, and then form the layer by means of 3D printing. Said fitted and rigid layer in very close and uniform contact with each wearers head is called an SPDI shield. The SPDI label stands for Shape Preservation During Impact.

A custom-fitted helmet and a method of making the same can comprise, at a first location, obtaining head data for a customer's head comprising a length, a width, and at least one head contour. With at least one processor, generating a computerized three-dimensional (3D) headform matching the customer's head length, width, and head contour from the head data. The 3D headform can be compared to a helmet safety standard. At a second location different from the first location, a custom-fitted helmet based on the 3D headform can be formed, wherein the custom-fitted helmet satisfies the safety standard and comprises an inner surface comprising a topography that conforms to the length, width, and at least one contour of the customer's head. The first location can be a home or a store. Obtaining the head data from photographic images of a deformable interface member disposed on the customer's head.