A multicolor illumination keyboard includes a light-emitting element, a color filter and plural keys. The plural keys are located above the light-emitting element. The color filter is arranged between the plural keys and the light-emitting element. After a source light emitted by the light-emitting element passes through the color filter, plural color lights are generated. The plural color lights are outputted from the plural keys. Consequently, the plural keys are illuminated in a multicolor manner.