An X-ray generation device which can be efficiently used is provided. The X-ray generation device has an electron gun, a target unit, a tubular portion, a reflected electron detector, and a coil unit. The target unit includes a plurality of targets and a plurality of mark portions having a predetermined relationship with the targets, wherein each mark portion having a surface area larger than a surface area of the target when said target unit is viewed from a direction which is normal to principal faces of the target unit.

An X-ray generation device which can be efficiently used is provided. The X-ray generation device has an electron gun, a target unit, a tubular portion, a reflected electron detector, and a coil unit. The target unit includes a plurality of targets and a plurality of mark portions having a predetermined relationship with the targets, wherein each mark portion having a surface area larger than a surface area of the target when said target unit is viewed from a direction which is normal to principal faces of the target unit.

A vapor deposition source that includes a substantially vertical plate to which first and second filament posts are coupled. The vapor deposition source also includes a filament having a first end and a second end. The filament provides a substantially concentric source of electrons. The first end of the filament is connected to the first filament post and the second end of the filament is connected to the second filament post. The first end of the filament is substantially vertically aligned with the second end of the filament when the filament is connected to the first and second posts.

In a light-emitting sealed body, a metal structure (electron emission structure) containing an easily electron-emitting material is used, so that it is not necessary to perform feeding for discharge between electrodes. Therefore, a feeding member does not need to be connected to the metal structure from the outside of a bulb. In addition, in the light-emitting sealed body, the metal structure is disposed in an internal space S of the bulb and a positioning unit of the metal structure is disposed only in the bulb. Therefore, in the light-emitting sealed body, the metal structure and the positioning unit do not penetrate the bulb and are not buried in the bulb and weakened portions are not formed in the bulb made of glass. Therefore, a sealing state of the bulb can be maintained surely.

In a light-emitting sealed body, a metal structure (electron emission structure) containing an easily electron-emitting material is used, so that it is not necessary to perform feeding for discharge between electrodes. Therefore, a feeding member does not need to be connected to the metal structure from the outside of a bulb. In addition, in the light-emitting sealed body, the metal structure is disposed in an internal space S of the bulb and a positioning unit of the metal structure is disposed only in the bulb. Therefore, in the light-emitting sealed body, the metal structure and the positioning unit do not penetrate the bulb and are not buried in the bulb and weakened portions are not formed in the bulb made of glass. Therefore, a sealing state of the bulb can be maintained surely.

A high dose output, through transmission and reflective target x-ray tube and methods of use includes, in general an x-ray tube for accelerating electrons under a high voltage potential having an evacuated high voltage housing, a hemispherical shaped through and reflective transmission target anode disposed in said housing, a cathode structure to deflect the electrons toward the hemispherical anode disposed in said housing, a filament located in the geometric center of the anode hemisphere disposed in said housing, a power supply connected to said cathode to provide accelerating voltage to the electrons.

A thickness of a bonding material (8) is varied in a radial direction orthogonal to a central axis (P) of the tubular anode member (6), the bonding material (8) being used for bonding a transmitting substrate (7) for supporting a target layer (9) and a tubular anode member (6) in a direction along the central axis (P). Thus, a region in which a circumferential tensile stress of the bonding material (8) is alleviated is formed in the direction along the central axis (P) to prevent a crack from developing in the bonding material (8).