The present disclosure discloses a preparation method of pressed Scandia-doped dispenser cathode using microwave sintering. Embodiments of the present disclosure include dissolving some nitrates and ammonium metatungstate with deionized water to prepare a homogeneous solution. Precursor powder with uniform size is obtained by spray drying, the precursor powder is decomposed, and two-step reduction may be proceeded to form doped tungsten powder with uniform element distribution. The cathode is prepared by one-time microwave sintering. One-time forming of cathode sintering is realized, and sintering shrinkage and sintering time are reduced significantly. The method has excellent repeatability, and the cathode has a homogeneous structure and excellent emission performance at 950 C.

The present disclosure discloses a preparation method of pressed Scandia-doped dispenser cathode using microwave sintering. Embodiments of the present disclosure include dissolving some nitrates and ammonium metatungstate with deionized water to prepare a homogeneous solution. Precursor powder with uniform size is obtained by spray drying, the precursor powder is decomposed, and two-step reduction may be proceeded to form doped tungsten powder with uniform element distribution. The cathode is prepared by one-time microwave sintering. One-time forming of cathode sintering is realized, and sintering shrinkage and sintering time are reduced significantly. The method has excellent repeatability, and the cathode has a homogeneous structure and excellent emission performance at 950 C.

An electron source capable of suppressing consumption of an electron emission material is provide. The present invention provides an electron source including: an electron emission material; and, an electron emission-suppressing material covering a side surface of the electron emission material, wherein a work function of the electron emission-suppressing material is higher than that of the electron emission material, and a thermal emissivity of the electron emission-suppressing material is lower than that of the electron emission material.

An electron source capable of suppressing consumption of an electron emission material is provide. The present invention provides an electron source including: an electron emission material; and, an electron emission-suppressing material covering a side surface of the electron emission material, wherein a work function of the electron emission-suppressing material is higher than that of the electron emission material, and a thermal emissivity of the electron emission-suppressing material is lower than that of the electron emission material.

A high-temperature component of a refractory metal or a refractory metal alloy has an emissivity-increasing coating. The coating is formed of tantalum nitride and/or zirconium nitride; and tungsten with a tungsten content between 0 and 98 wt. %.

Thermionic cathodes and an electron emission apparatus are provided. The thermionic cathodes comprise perovskite material in crystal or sintered form. The thermionic cathodes provide strong electron emission at low operating temperatures.

Thermionic cathodes and an electron emission apparatus are provided. The thermionic cathodes comprise perovskite material in crystal or sintered form. The thermionic cathodes provide strong electron emission at low operating temperatures.

A pair of straight or angularly oriented flat emitters formed of an electron emissive material are positioned on an emitter support structure and are electrically connected to one another regardless of the mounting structure on which the emitters are positioned. The electrical connections between the emitters are formed directly between the emitters using electrically conductive material members that are placed between and affixed to the emitters to provide the electrical pathway or connection therebetween the emitters after formation of the emitters. These electrical connection members form an electrical connection between the angled pair of emitters separately from an emitter support structure on the cathode, such that the electrical connection members and angled emitters including the connection members can separate the mechanical architecture of the cathode assembly from the electrical architecture, thereby creating a simplified construction for the cathode assembly and associated x-ray tubes.

A pair of straight or angularly oriented flat emitters formed of an electron emissive material are positioned on an emitter support structure and are electrically connected to one another regardless of the mounting structure on which the emitters are positioned. The electrical connections between the emitters are formed directly between the emitters using electrically conductive material members that are placed between and affixed to the emitters to provide the electrical pathway or connection therebetween the emitters after formation of the emitters. These electrical connection members form an electrical connection between the angled pair of emitters separately from an emitter support structure on the cathode, such that the electrical connection members and angled emitters including the connection members can separate the mechanical architecture of the cathode assembly from the electrical architecture, thereby creating a simplified construction for the cathode assembly and associated x-ray tubes.

Disclosed embodiments include cathodes with conformal cathode surfaces, vacuum electronic devices with cathodes with conformal cathode surfaces, and methods of manufacturing the same. In a non-limiting embodiment, a cathode for a vacuum electronic device includes: a substrate having a predetermined shape; and electron emissive material disposed on at least one portion of at least one surface of the substrate, a shape of the electron emissive material conforming to the predetermined shape of the substrate.