Implantable medical devices including a housing that contains operational circuitry for the implantable medical device and a dispensed hydrogen getter. The hydrogen getter may include a getter carrier material and one or more getter materials carried as suspensions in the getter carrier material, with the getter materials taking the form of organic compounds, such as fatty acids, or powdered metal oxides, or combinations thereof. The hydrogen getter may instead be comprised of two fatty acids having different melt temperatures. The hydrogen getter may be dispensed onto an encapsulant layer or other component of the implantable medical device, or may be blended into an encapsulant layer.

Implantable medical devices including a housing that contains operational circuitry for the implantable medical device and a dispensed hydrogen getter. The hydrogen getter may include a getter carrier material and one or more getter materials carried as suspensions in the getter carrier material, with the getter materials taking the form of organic compounds, such as fatty acids, or powdered metal oxides, or combinations thereof. The hydrogen getter may instead be comprised of two fatty acids having different melt temperatures. The hydrogen getter may be dispensed onto an encapsulant layer or other component of the implantable medical device, or may be blended into an encapsulant layer.

Disclosed is an x-ray tube including a hybrid electron emission source, which uses, as an electron emission source, a cathode including both a field electron emission source and a thermal electron emission source. An x-ray tube includes an electron emission source emitting an electron beam, and a target part including a target material that emits an x-ray as the emitted electron beam collides with the target part, wherein the electron emission source includes a thermal electron emission source and a field electron emission source, and emits the electron beam by selectively using at least one of the thermal electron emission source and the field electron emission source.

A vacuum transistor includes a substrate and a first terminal formed on the substrate. A piezoelectric element has a second terminal formed on the piezoelectric element, wherein the piezoelectric element is provided over the first terminal to provide a gap between the first terminal and the second terminal. The gap is adjusted in accordance with an electrical field on the piezoelectric element.

A vacuum transistor includes a substrate and a first terminal formed on the substrate. A piezoelectric element has a second terminal formed on the piezoelectric element, wherein the piezoelectric element is provided over the first terminal to provide a gap between the first terminal and the second terminal. The gap is adjusted in accordance with an electrical field on the piezoelectric element.

A vacuum transistor includes a substrate and a first terminal formed on the substrate. A piezoelectric element has a second terminal formed on the piezoelectric element, wherein the piezoelectric element is provided over the first terminal to provide a gap between the first terminal and the second terminal. The gap is adjusted in accordance with an electrical field on the piezoelectric element.

A vacuum transistor includes a substrate and a first terminal formed on the substrate. A piezoelectric element has a second terminal formed on the piezoelectric element, wherein the piezoelectric element is provided over the first terminal to provide a gap between the first terminal and the second terminal. The gap is adjusted in accordance with an electrical field on the piezoelectric element.

A double-ended ceramic metal halide lamp includes a luminous tube; at least two illuminators serially connected with each other deposed inside the luminous tube; and at least one ring-shaped retainers arranged between two illuminators to support the illuminators located along a central line of the luminous tube. A manufacturing method for a ceramic metal halide lamp includes following steps: (1) Arrange at least two serially connected illuminators inside an interior of a luminous tube; (2) Seal two ends of the luminous tube by a press sealing technique; and (3) Extract out the gas inside the luminous tube to form an eyelet at a central portion of the luminous tube.

A double-ended ceramic metal halide lamp includes a luminous tube; at least two illuminators serially connected with each other deposed inside the luminous tube; and at least one ring-shaped retainers arranged between two illuminators to support the illuminators located along a central line of the luminous tube. A manufacturing method for a ceramic metal halide lamp includes following steps: (1) Arrange at least two serially connected illuminators inside an interior of a luminous tube; (2) Seal two ends of the luminous tube by a press sealing technique; and (3) Extract out the gas inside the luminous tube to form an eyelet at a central portion of the luminous tube.

A double-ended high intensity discharge lamp includes a luminous tube and reflective layer covering at a reflective portion provided on at least a portion of aid luminous tube for reflecting light emitted from an illuminator supported in the luminous tube towards the reflective portion to project towards another opposing side of the luminous tube.