Bubble plasma ionisation probe for analysing liquids by mass spectrometry. A means of a detecting analytes dissolved in a liquid by mass spectrometry is described. Gas flows from a source through a first conduit 105 and thereafter through a coaxial second conduit 103 that also serves as the inlet to the mass spectrometer 102. The coaxial arrangement of conduits is submerged in the liquid to be analysed 301. Using a feedback loop, the gas pressure is adjusted and controlled such that an attached bubble 302 forms at the open end of the first conduit 105. A plasma 305 is provided in the bubble. The plasma is preferably generated by a dielectric barrier discharge between a collar electrode 107 and mass spectrometer inlet 103. Analytes dissolved in the liquid are both desorbed form the gas-liquid interface and ionised by the action of the plasma. Ions formed in this way become entrained in the gas flow and are consequently transferred to the mass spectrometer, where they are analysed.

The present disclosure relates to methods of verifying enhanced rock weathering using immobile trace elements found within a mineral amendment. Further disclosed are mineral amendments that enable enhanced rock weathering.

The invention relates to a mass spectrometer, having: a gas inlet adapted to supply a sample gas to be ionized to an ionization region of the mass spectrometer, a calibration unit adapted to supply a calibration gas to be ionized to the ionization region, and an ionization unit adapted to ionize the sample gas and/or the calibration gas in the ionization region. The calibration unit includes at least one evaporation source for generating the calibration gas by evaporating a source material. The invention also relates to a method for calibrating a mass spectrometer.

The invention relates to a mass spectrometer, having: a gas inlet adapted to supply a sample gas to be ionized to an ionization region of the mass spectrometer, a calibration unit adapted to supply a calibration gas to be ionized to the ionization region, and an ionization unit adapted to ionize the sample gas and/or the calibration gas in the ionization region. The calibration unit includes at least one evaporation source for generating the calibration gas by evaporating a source material. The invention also relates to a method for calibrating a mass spectrometer.

First, an MS scan of a mass range of a control sample that does not include a metabolite is performed (601) producing background peak m/z and intensity values for background precursor ions (602). Background peaks are selected for an exclusion list and in the exclusion list an m/z value and an intensity value are included for each background peak (604). Next, an MS scan of the mass range of an experimental sample that does include a metabolite is performed (610) producing peak m/z and intensity values for precursor ions (612). Peaks are selected for a peak list and in the peak list an m/z value and an intensity value are included for each peak (614). Finally, each peak of the peak list that has both an m/z value and an intensity value that correspond to an m/z value and an intensity value of a background peak of the exclusion list is excluded from the peak list (616).

First, an MS scan of a mass range of a control sample that does not include a metabolite is performed (601) producing background peak m/z and intensity values for background precursor ions (602). Background peaks are selected for an exclusion list and in the exclusion list an m/z value and an intensity value are included for each background peak (604). Next, an MS scan of the mass range of an experimental sample that does include a metabolite is performed (610) producing peak m/z and intensity values for precursor ions (612). Peaks are selected for a peak list and in the peak list an m/z value and an intensity value are included for each peak (614). Finally, each peak of the peak list that has both an m/z value and an intensity value that correspond to an m/z value and an intensity value of a background peak of the exclusion list is excluded from the peak list (616).

Provided are a standard sample film for use in laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, the standard sample film containing an organic substance and having a small variation in signal intensity of an ion of a metal element depending on a measurement position; a standard sample; a method for producing a standard sample film; a sample set; a quantitative analysis method; and a transfer film. The standard sample film of the present invention is a standard sample film for use in laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, the standard sample film containing a polymer and a metal element, and having a maximum height difference in film thickness of the standard sample film of 0.50 μm or less.

A method of spectrometric analysis comprises obtaining one or more sample spectra for an aerosol, smoke or vapour sample. The one or more sample spectra are subjected to pre-processing and then multivariate and/or library based analysis so as to classify the aerosol, smoke or vapour sample. The results of the analysis are used for various surgical or non-surgical applications.

A method of spectrometric analysis comprises obtaining one or more sample spectra for an aerosol, smoke or vapour sample. The one or more sample spectra are subjected to pre-processing and then multivariate and/or library based analysis so as to classify the aerosol, smoke or vapour sample. The results of the analysis are used for various surgical or non-surgical applications.

Systems and methods are described for indirect detection of a missed sample from an autosampler. A method embodiment includes, but is not limited to, drawing a fluid through operation of an autosampler; directing the fluid via a fluid line to a valve of a fluid handling system, the valve including or being adjacent to a sensor to detect a presence or absence of liquid sample; directing the fluid from the valve into a holding line coupled to the valve; determining whether a threshold amount of liquid sample is present in the fluid in the holding line; and when it is determined that liquid sample is present in the fluid in the holding line in an amount less than the threshold amount, transferring a carrier fluid having a marker component to an analytic detector, the marker component present in the carrier fluid in an amount indicative of a missed sample.