The present invention generally relates to a field emission light source and specifically to a field emission light source adapted to emit ultraviolet (UV) light. The light source has a UV emission member provided with an electron-excitable UV emitting material. The material is at least one of LuPO.sub.3:Pr.sup.3+, Lu.sub.2Si.sub.2O.sub.2:Pr.sup.3+, LaPO.sub.4:Pr.sup.3+, YBO.sub.3:Pr.sup.3+ and YPO.sub.4:Bi.sup.3+.

Embodiments relate generally to an ultraviolet lamp (100) for use with a photoionization detector comprising a sealed tube (102) configured to contain at least one gas; a coating (120) applied to the inner surface (110) of the sealed tube (102); and a crystal window (112) attached to the sealed tube (102), configured to allow transmittance of ultraviolet (UV) light generated within the sealed tube (102). Additional embodiments include a method of forming an ultraviolet lamp (100) for use with a photoionization detector, the method comprising applying at least one layer of a coating (120) onto an inner surface (110) of a sealed tube (102); sealing a crystal window (112) onto the sealed tube (102); filling the sealed tube (102) with at least one gas; sealing the sealed tube (102) containing the at least one gas; generating ultraviolet radiation using the at least one gas within the sealed tube (102); and directing the generated ultraviolet radiation through the crystal window (112) toward a sample gas in the photoionization detector.

A target for ultraviolet light generation 20A includes a sapphire substrate 21 that transmits ultraviolet light UV, an interlayer 22 that is in contact with the sapphire substrate 21, includes oxygen atoms and aluminum atoms in a composition, and transmits ultraviolet light UV, and a luminous layer 23 that is provided on the interlayer 22, includes oxide crystals containing rare earth elements to which an activator agent is added, and receives electron beams EB so as to generate ultraviolet light UV.

The invention relates to a device for curing inner linings of pipelines introduced into them in the form of lining tubes impregnated with a resin. The device includes metal three-piece monolithic body (52) both of the two extreme cylindrical portions (53 and 54) of which have a diameter (1) larger than the diameter (1) of its middle cylindrical portion (56), whereas all components of the body are connected with each other detachably, and both of the two extreme portions (53 and 54) are provided on their cylindrical circumferences with a dozen or so longitudinal ribs (65) each distributed symmetrically on them along the circumferences and having an identical thickness (U) and height (V), and moreover, the ribs are provided with circumferential slit-shaped recesses (66) situated opposite from each other and oriented perpendicularly to horizontal axis (67) of the device forming thus profiles functioning as radiators (68) composed of individual segments (69) separated from each other with elongated recesses with an dilation angle () and with crosswise circumferential slit-shaped recesses (66), whereas the middle portion (56) of the body on its circumference with diameter (1) has also a dozen or so flat facets-chords (74) evenly distributed along the circumference and separated from each other with radially oriented slit-shaped recesses (75) ending on solid core (64) of this portion of the body (52) in which power leads (80) are guided supplying electric current to LEDs (79) and to the front camera unit (40), said recesses forming profiled figures functioning as radiators (76) flat facets (74) of which are connected detachably with plastic strip-shaped plates (78) with LEDs (79) installed in them, and moreover, both of the two extreme portions (53 and 54) of the body (52) are provided with round axial holes (61) ending with bevelled chamfers (62) forming annular slots (63) situated between them and the solid core (64) of the middle portion (56) of the body, whereas the axial holes (61) are coaxial with holes (59) of both of the two profiled shields (58) connected detachably with outer faces of both of the two extreme portions (53 and 54) of the body (52) of the device.

The present invention generally relates to a method for forming a light extraction layer comprising nanostructures, the method comprising: providing a substrate, the substrate being at least partially transparent to UV light; forming a non-aqueous precursor solution comprising fluorine and an alkaline earth metal to form alkaline earth metal difluoride particles; applying the precursor solution on at least a first side of the substrate; drying the substrate at a first temperature for a first period of time; and baking the substrate at a second temperature, higher than the first temperature, for a second period of time, thereby forming a light extraction nanostructure layer comprising alkaline earth metal difluoride nanostructures on the substrate. The present invention also relates to a light extraction structure and to a UV lamp comprising such an extraction structure.

The present invention generally relates to a field emission light source and specifically to a miniaturized field emission light source that is possible to manufacture in large volumes at low cost using the concept of wafer level manufacturing, i.e., a similar approach as used by integrated circuits (IC) and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). The invention also relates to a lighting arrangement comprising at least one field emission light source.

The present invention generally relates to a field emission light source and specifically to a miniaturized field emission light source that is possible to manufacture in large volumes at low cost using the concept of wafer level manufacturing, i.e., a similar approach as used by integrated circuits (IC) and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). The invention also relates to a lighting arrangement comprising at least one field emission light source.

A display apparatus may include a substrate. The display apparatus may further include a display unit that includes an emission layer and is disposed on the substrate. The display apparatus may further include a protective layer that overlaps the display unit. The display apparatus may further include an organic layer that is disposed between the display unit and the protective layer. A top surface area of the organic layer may be equal to or less than a top surface area of the protective layer.

The present application discloses an illumination light source including a base substrate; an anode layer on the base substrate; and a field emission illumination module having a carbon nanotubes layer on the base substrate; and a fluorescent powder layer on a side of the carbon nanotubes layer distal to the base substrate. The anode layer is on a side of the fluorescent powder layer distal to the carbon nanotubes layer.

An ultraviolet light-generating target comprising a substrate transmitting ultraviolet light; and a light-emitting layer provided on the substrate and emitting ultraviolet light in response to an electron beam, wherein the light-emitting layer is an amorphous layer formed of Al.sub.2O.sub.3 doped with Sc.