Methods and semiconductor devices for bonding a first semiconductor device to a second semiconductor device include forming metal pads including a textured microstructure having a columnar grain structure at substantially the same angular direction from the top surface to the bottom surface. The textured crystalline microstructures enables the use of low temperatures and low pressures to effect bonding of the metal pads. Also described are methods of packaging and semiconductor devices.

A package includes a carrier substrate, a first die, and a second die. The first die includes a first bonding layer, a second bonding layer opposite to the first bonding layer, and an alignment mark embedded in the first bonding layer. The first bonding layer is fusion bonded to the carrier substrate. The second die includes a third bonding layer. The third bonding layer is hybrid bonded to the second bonding layer of the first die.

A package includes a carrier substrate, a first die, and a second die. The first die includes a first bonding layer, a second bonding layer opposite to the first bonding layer, and an alignment mark embedded in the first bonding layer. The first bonding layer is fusion bonded to the carrier substrate. The second die includes a third bonding layer. The third bonding layer is hybrid bonded to the second bonding layer of the first die.

Techniques are employed to mitigate the anchoring effects of cavity sidewall adhesion on an embedded conductive interconnect structure, and to allow a lower annealing temperature to be used to join opposing conductive interconnect structures. A vertical gap may be disposed between the conductive material of an embedded interconnect structure and the sidewall of the cavity to laterally unpin the conductive structure and allow uniaxial expansion of the conductive material. Additionally or alternatively, one or more vertical gaps may be disposed within the bonding layer, near the embedded interconnect structure to laterally unpin the conductive structure and allow uniaxial expansion of the conductive material.

Techniques are employed to mitigate the anchoring effects of cavity sidewall adhesion on an embedded conductive interconnect structure, and to allow a lower annealing temperature to be used to join opposing conductive interconnect structures. A vertical gap may be disposed between the conductive material of an embedded interconnect structure and the sidewall of the cavity to laterally unpin the conductive structure and allow uniaxial expansion of the conductive material. Additionally or alternatively, one or more vertical gaps may be disposed within the bonding layer, near the embedded interconnect structure to laterally unpin the conductive structure and allow uniaxial expansion of the conductive material.

Methods and semiconductor devices for bonding a first semiconductor device to a second semiconductor device include forming metal pads including a textured microstructure having a columnar grain structure at substantially the same angular direction from the top surface to the bottom surface. The textured crystalline microstructures enables the use of low temperatures and low pressures to effect bonding of the metal pads. Also described are methods of packaging and semiconductor devices.

A package includes a carrier substrate, a first die, and a second die. The first die and the second die are stacked on the carrier substrate in sequential order. The first die includes a first bonding layer, a second bonding layer, and an alignment mark embedded in the first bonding layer. The second die includes a third bonding layer. A surface of the first bonding layer form a rear surface of the first die and a surface of the second bonding layer form an active surface of the first die. The rear surface of the first die is in physical contact with the carrier substrate. The active surface of the first die is in physical contact with the third bonding layer of the second die.

A package includes a carrier substrate, a first die, and a second die. The first die and the second die are stacked on the carrier substrate in sequential order. The first die includes a first bonding layer, a second bonding layer, and an alignment mark embedded in the first bonding layer. The second die includes a third bonding layer. A surface of the first bonding layer form a rear surface of the first die and a surface of the second bonding layer form an active surface of the first die. The rear surface of the first die is in physical contact with the carrier substrate. The active surface of the first die is in physical contact with the third bonding layer of the second die.

Methods and semiconductor devices for bonding a first semiconductor device to a second semiconductor device include forming metal pads including a textured microstructure having a columnar grain structure at substantially the same angular direction from the top surface to the bottom surface. The textured crystalline microstructures enables the use of low temperatures and low pressures to effect bonding of the metal pads. Also described are methods of packaging and semiconductor devices.

Methods and semiconductor devices for bonding a first semiconductor device to a second semiconductor device include forming metal pads including a textured microstructure having a columnar grain structure at substantially the same angular direction from the top surface to the bottom surface. The textured crystalline microstructures enables the use of low temperatures and low pressures to effect bonding of the metal pads. Also described are methods of packaging and semiconductor devices.