The present disclosure relates to a method of manufacturing catalyst slurry for fuel cells capable of greatly improving efficiency in use of catalyst metal and a method of manufacturing an electrode for fuel cells using the catalyst slurry manufactured using the method. Specifically, the method of manufacturing catalyst slurry for fuel cells includes preparing a catalyst including a porous carrier and catalyst metal, introducing the catalyst, a solvent, and an ionomer into a chamber, and infiltrating the ionomer into pores of the carrier.

An electrochemical cell includes an air electrode in flow communication with a storage tank containing an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide, a lithium electrode, a catalyst layer in contact with the air electrode or a gas diffusion layer associated with the air electrode, and a separator layer in contact with the lithium electrode and catalyst layer. The catalyst layer includes a catalyst for two electron reversible oxygen reduction. The catalyst comprises gold, and a cobalt coordination complex or polymer thereof. The cobalt coordination complex comprises a cobalt ion chelated by a tetradentate organic chelating ligand.

A cathode (100) for use in a lithium-air battery can include a polymer binder (150) having a conductive material (120), phyllosilicate nanoparticles (110), a lithium salt (130), and a metal catalyst (140) distributed in the polymer binder (150). The cathode (100) can be porous to allow oxygen to diffuse from surrounding air into the cathode (100). A lithium-air battery can include a lithium metal anode, a solid electrolyte in contact with the lithium metal anode, and a cathode (100) in contact with the solid electrolyte. The cathode (100) can have a polymer binder (150) as a support matrix. The polymer binder (150) can be porous to allow oxygen to diffuse from surrounding air into the cathode (100). The cathode (100) can include the polymer binder (150), a conductive material (120), phyllosilicate nanoparticles (110), a lithium salt (130), and a metal catalyst (140) distributed in the polymer binder (150).

Oxygen from water can be efficiently and economically achieved via water electrolysis on antimony, nickel doped tin oxide (Sb,Ni—SnO.sub.2/Ti) anode using low DC power. As O.sub.2 is evolved, it will be quickly reduced by adjacent cobalt oxide doped carbon nanofilm (Co.sub.3O.sub.4—CNF/Ti) to hydrogen peroxide (H.sub.2O.sub.2) and electricity. In the said electricity generation, O.sub.2 is first formed in O.sub.2 evolution reaction (OER), then, electricity is generated in O.sub.2 reduction reaction (ORR). Both of anode and cathode are shared by OER and ORR, yet, the former consumes energy and the latter yields electricity. It is the cathode, a load and the anode that form an electricity-forming circuit. The said circuit relies on clean water to supply the fuel, O.sub.2, hence, it is designated as all-water fuel cell (AWFC). Supercapacitor is employed as the load for AWFC, and onboard purifiers are providers of clean water for AWFC.

An electrode used for oxygen reactions, the electrode being excellent in catalytic activity and stability, a method of producing the electrode, and an electrochemical device using the electrode are provided. This electrode includes, as an oxygen catalyst, an oxide that has peaks at positions of 2=34.881.00, 50.201.00, and 59.651.00 in an X-ray diffraction measurement using a CuK ray and has constituent elements of bismuth, ruthenium, sodium, and oxygen.

An electrochemical cell includes an anode, a cathode, and a membrane physically separating the anode from the cathode, the cathode having a cathode catalyst layer including an ionomer and an electrocatalyst support substrate forming an ionomer-support interface having a covalent bond between the substrate and the ionomer via a grafting compound, the substrate further having a plurality of terminated hydrophilic groups.

A cathode having a tandem electrocatalyst structure is provided. The cathode includes a plurality of wires spaced apart from each other, a layer formed on a surface of each of the plurality of wires, and a plurality of nanoparticles disposed on the layer. Each of the plurality of wires includes a first perovskite material or a metal. The layer includes a second perovskite material. Each of the nanoparticles includes a metal oxide.

An electrocatalyst includes a carbon substrate, metal oxide particles dispersed on the carbon substrate, and metal catalyst particles. The metal catalyst particles are metal substitutions in the metal oxide particles, or adsorbed on the metal oxide particles.

Disclosed are a method of manufacturing an anode dual catalyst for a fuel cell so as to prevent a reverse voltage phenomenon and a dual catalyst manufactured by the same. The method may include supporting effectively metal catalyst particles and oxide particles on a conductive support, and thus, a dual catalyst manufactured using the method may be suitably used for controlling a reverse voltage phenomenon that occurs at the anode.

Provided is an electrolyte layer-anode composite member for a fuel cell, the electrolyte layer-anode composite member including an anode and a solid electrolyte layer having ion conductivity, the anode being an aggregate of granules including a composite metal, the composite metal including a nickel element and an iron element, the granules including a plurality of pores, the composite metal accounting for 80% by mass or more of the anode, the anode having a bulk density of 75% or less of a real density of the composite metal. Also provided is a cell structure including the electrolyte layer-anode composite member for a fuel cell described above, and a cathode arranged on a side of the solid electrolyte layer.