Disclosed and described herein are systems and methods energy generation from fabric electrochemistry. An electrical cell is created when electrodes (cathodes and anodes) are printed on or otherwise embedded into fabrics to generate DC power when moistened by a conductive bodily liquid such as sweat, wound, fluid, etc. The latter acts, in turn, as the cell's electrolyte. A singular piece of fabric can be configured into multiple cells by dividing regions of the fabric with hydrophobic barriers and having at least one anode-cathode set in each region. Flexible inter-connections between the cells can be used to scale the generated power, per the application requirements.

An alkaline electrochemical cell has a central cathode having a corresponding cathode current collector electrically connected with a positive terminal of the electrochemical cell. The cathode current collector has a tubular shape, such as a cylindrical shape or rectangular shape, extending parallel with the length of the central cathode. The cathode current collector is embedded within the central cathode, such as at a medial point of a radius of the central cathode, thereby minimizing the distance between the cathode current collector and any portion of the central cathode, thereby increasing the mechanical strength of the cathode and facilitating charge transfer to the cathode current collector.

A catalytic solution for a halide ion battery, which is an aqueous solution containing a quaternary ammonium halide salt or a hydrate thereof at 9.0 mol/kg to 11.0 mol/kg, is an electrolyte for a halide ion battery that has excellent safety and a wide potential window.

Amphiphilic complexing agents for use in electrolyte solutions are provided. The complexing agents include at least one soft ionic group covalently bonded to at least one hard ionic group or polyether chain. The soft ionic group couples with soft, oppositely charged ionic redox species in an electrolyte solution, and the hard ionic groups or polyethylene chains render the complexes formed by the complexing agents and ionic redox species soluble in the electrolyte solution. The size of the complex formed by the coupling of the amphiphilic complexing agent to the soft ionic redox species is substantially larger than the size of the soft ionic redox species alone and, as a result, electrochemical cells that include the amphiphilic complexing agents in an electrolyte solution have less membrane crossover than analogous electrochemical cells that do not include the amphiphilic complexing agents.

An electrochemical reactor includes positive and negative electrodes. A conductive and/or dielectric liquid is provided between the positive and negative electrodes. A first isolation member provided on the positive electrode isolates the positive electrode from the liquid, and a second isolation member provided on the negative electrode isolates the negative electrode from the liquid. The first and second isolation member each includes a liquid-repellent porous membrane. The reactor further includes a pressure-applying member which pressurizes the liquid to fill the pores of the first and second liquid-repellent porous membranes with the liquid, thereby causing an electrochemical reaction involving the positive and negative electrodes.

Provided are an alkaline battery separator suitably used for an alkaline battery, and an alkaline battery using the separator. The separator includes a nonwoven fabric including subject fibers; at least a part of the subject fibers containing a chelate forming fiber having a chelate formable functional group being capable of forming a chelate with a metal ion. The alkaline battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, the above-described separator placed therebetween, and an electrolyte.

Alkaline electrochemical cells are provided, wherein a long-chain surfactant is included in at least one component of the cell in order to delay anode shutdown. Methods for preparing such cells are also provided.

An electrochemical reactor includes positive and negative electrodes. A conductive and/or dielectric liquid is provided between the positive and negative electrodes. A first isolation member provided on the positive electrode isolates the positive electrode from the liquid, and a second isolation member provided on the negative electrode isolates the negative electrode from the liquid. The first and second isolation member each includes a liquid-repellent porous membrane. The reactor further includes a pressure-applying member which pressurizes the liquid to fill the pores of the first and second liquid-repellent porous membranes with the liquid, thereby causing an electrochemical reaction involving the positive and negative electrodes.

Systems, apparatuses, and/or the like are provided. In some embodiments, an electrochemical cell includes a container; a first electrode disposed within the container. In some embodiments, the first electrode includes a first electrode portion; and a second electrode portion conductively connected with the first electrode portion and spaced apart from the first electrode portion to define at least one reservoir between the first electrode portion and the second electrode portion. The at least one reservoir is bounded at least in part by a first reservoir wall of the first electrode portion and a second reservoir wall of the second electrode portion. A second electrode may be disposed within the container, and a separator is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. In some embodiments, the cell includes an electrolyte solution permeating the first electrode and the second electrode and at least partially filing the at least one reservoir.

An anode for an aluminum-air battery may include an anode body, which may contain particles of an aluminum alloy in a sodium matrix. An electrolyte for an aluminum-air battery may consist of one of an aqueous acid and an aqueous lye containing at least one halogen and at least one surfactant.